Lub nroog qub puag thaum ub ntawm Pula tsis pom dej hiav txwv Adriatic. Pom muaj nyob rau hauv hnub ntawm Julius Caesar, lub nroog no yog qhov chaw tshwj xeeb uas cov qauv thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv thiab tib neeg tau sib xyaw. Nov yog khaws cov tuam tsev Roman qub thiab phab ntsa, Byzantine cov tsev teev ntuj thiab qhia palazzo hauv cov style ntawm Italian Renaissance. Yog li dab tsi pom hauv Pula?
Pula lub cim yog nws lub Roman amphitheatre, yog ib qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob hauv txhua lub tebchaws Europe. Thaum nws tau txais 23 txhiab tus neeg, nws yog qhov xav paub tias cov yeeb yaj kiab kev ua yeeb yaj kiab tseem muaj nyob ntawm no. Lub nroog kuj tau khaws cia lub tuam tsev qub qub ntawm Augustus nrog kab. Thiab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub roob, qhov uas Roman Capitol siv los nyob, tam sim no sawv khov kho ntawm Kastel ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th.
Muaj ntau lub tsev teev ntuj hauv Pula - ob qho tib si Catholic thiab Orthodox. Lub tsev teev ntuj, tau tsim tsa thaum lub sijhawm thawj cov ntseeg, tau rov kho dua tshiab nyob rau xyoo pua 15th, tab sis lub tsev teev ntuj me me ntawm Virgin Mary Formosa tau raug khaws cia txij li xyoo pua 6. Lub Koom Txoos Orthodox ntawm St. Nicholas, nto moo rau nws qhov zoo nkauj Greek iconostasis, kuj tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.
Pula muaj ntau txoj kev nqaim nqaim yos rov qab rau lub sijhawm Roman. Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub nroog, tseem muaj lub zog Austrian bastions thiab forts ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, uas yog ib lub nroog thoob dej yug ntses tam sim no ua haujlwm. Thiab ob peb kilometers ntawm Pula, hauv Adriatic Hiav Txwv nws tus kheej, muaj Brijuni archipelago, uas tam sim no yog lub tiaj ua si zoo nkauj hauv tebchaws.
TOP-10 qhov nyiam ntawm Pula
Pula amphitheatre
Pula amphitheatre
Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm Pula yog nws lub tsev pheeb suab loj loj, cov phab ntsa uas siab txog 30 meters. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb hauv plaub lub tsev yees duab tau raug khaws cia ntawm no, thiab hauv nws qhov tsos tag nrho peb qhov kev txiav txim vaj tsev tau nthuav tawm.
Lub amphitheatre tau tsim thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 1 hauv Emperor Augustus. Hauv cov hnub ntawd, thaj chaw tuaj yeem haum 23 txhiab tus neeg. Tom qab lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm Western Roman faj tim teb chaws, thaj chaw tau siv rau cov nyom. Pob zeb kuj tseem tau khawb ntawm no los tsim cov tsev hauv nroog.
Nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, lub tsev pheeb suab ntaub tau txaus tsim los tuav cov kab ke, kev ua yeeb yam thiab txawm tias muaj kev hais kwv txhiaj ntawm no. Cov kws ua yeeb yam nto moo xws li Luciano Pavarotti, Elton John thiab Eros Ramazzotti tau ua ntawm no.
Pula Cathedral
Pula Cathedral
Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Assumption of Virgin Mary tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 6. Nws tau kwv yees tias nws tau tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tuam tsev qub qub, txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm tshawb xyuas keeb kwm yav dhau los, tau pom kev puas tsuaj ntawm Roman chav da dej. Feem ntau yuav yog, thaum tsim txom cov ntseeg Vajtswv, cov neeg ntseeg siab tawv tau tuav lawv cov rooj sib tham zais cia ntawm no.
Thaum Lub Caij Nyoog Nruab Nrab, lub tsev qub tau raug rhuav tshem tag, thiab nyob rau xyoo pua 15th lub tuam tsev tau rov tsim dua tshiab. Nws lub ntsej muag Renaissance uas tau lees paub tau ntxiv nyob rau xyoo pua 16th, thiab tsis pub sawv ntsug Baroque tswb pej thuam tau tsim tsa thaum xyoo pua 18th. Nws yog qhov xav paub tias yog cov khoom siv rau kev tsim kho, lawv tau siv pob zeb uas muaj npe nrov Roman amphitheater thaum ub.
Qee cov ntsiab lus sab hauv nruab nrab thaum ntxov tau khaws cia hauv lub tsev teev ntuj. Hauv pem teb hauv nws thaj chaw koj tuaj yeem pom cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov duab qub Byzantine ntawm lub xyoo pua thib 5 txog rau xyoo pua. Ntau ntawm kab ntawv tseem nyob ntawm qhov qub, thiab lub qhov rai me me zoo nkauj tau ua tiav nyob rau xyoo pua 13th. Lub thaj muaj cov relics ntawm cov ntseeg hauv zos-martyrs, pom thaum lub sijhawm rov kho dua nyob rau xyoo 17th.
Ruins ntawm lub rooj sab laj Roman thaum ub
Tuam Tsev Augustus
Lub rooj sib tham Roman thaum ub ntawm Pula tau nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Adriatic Hiav Txwv. Txawm tias tom qab kev poob ntawm Roman faj tim teb chaws, lub neej nyob hauv qhov chaw no tsis tau tso tseg - ib qho kev lag luam hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub nroog tau nyob ntawm no. Yav dhau los, muaj peb lub tuam tsev nyob ntawm qhov chaw no:
- Lub Tuam Tsev Augustus yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws khaws cia. Nws nce ntawm lub sam thiaj tshwj xeeb, thiab nws lub portal yog ua los ntawm plaub kab lus ntawm kev txiav txim hauv Kauleethaus. Hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, nws tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv lub tuam tsev ntseeg, thiab tom qab ntawd poob nws cov ntsiab lus dawb huv thiab tau siv ua lub tsev cog qoob loo. Tom qab ntawd, lub tsev qub qub uas zoo nkauj no tau ploj mus los ntawm kev pom - nws tau tsim nrog cov tsev hauv nroog. Tam sim no hauv lub tuam tsev Augustus muaj kev nthuav tawm ntawm Roman duab puab thaum ub.
- Cov phab ntsa ntawm Tuam Tsev Diana tau siv los tsim kho hauv lub nroog. Lub tsev ntawm lub nroog pawg sab laj tau tsim nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th ntawm lub hauv paus Roman qub. Hauv nws qhov tsos, cov ntsiab lus ntawm Gothic thiab Renaissance yog txuj ci tseem ceeb sib cuam tshuam. Lub façade ntawm chav hauv nroog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov tseem ceeb, sawv cev los ntawm arcades nrog cov kab ntawv nyias, dhau ntawm lub sam thiaj zoo nkauj nce.
- Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Jupiter, hmoov tsis, tsis tau dim. Nws tau kwv yees tias nyob hauv nws qhov chaw tam sim no yog Cathedral ntawm Assumption of Virgin Mary.
Chapel ntawm Virgin Mary Formosa
Chapel ntawm Virgin Mary Formosa
Lub tuam tsev Byzantine thaum ub tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 6. Nws tau ua nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm Greek hla, uas yog nrov heev rau Byzantine pawg ntseeg.
Yav dhau los, lub tsev teev ntuj yog ib feem ntawm Benedictine lub tsev teev ntuj loj, tab sis nws tau raug puas tsuaj thaum xyoo pua 16th. Ib txhia ntawm cov ntsiab lus sab hauv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tau khaws cia hauv txoj hauv kev zoo - nws hauv pem teb thiab phab ntsa tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog mosaics, nco txog cov mosaics nto moo los ntawm Basilica ntawm San Vitale hauv Ravenna. Lwm qhov ntawm cov phab ntsa yog pleev xim nrog cov frescoes thaum ub ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th, feem ntau yuav ua raws li cov duab Christian thaum ntxov.
Xyoo 1605, Pula raug ntes los ntawm Venetians, uas tau nyiag lub tsev teev ntuj. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua yam ntawm nws txoj kev nplua nuj tau ploj mus ib txhis - ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev teev ntuj thiab cov txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm kev kos duab thaum ub tau raug thauj mus rau Venice. Piv txwv, cov npe nrov ntawm Arabic alabaster uas tau dai lub thaj tseem ceeb ntawm St. Mark Cathedral hauv Venice, "thaum xub thawj" los ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Virgin Mary Formosa hauv Pula.
Saint Nicholas Orthodox Church
Ib yam li Chapel ntawm Peb Tus Poj Niam ntawm Formosa, Lub Koom Txoos ntawm St. Nicholas yog lub pob zeb uas muaj lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj uas zoo ib yam li cov ntseeg thaum ntxov ntawm Ravenna. Lub tuam tsev no tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 6, tab sis tau hloov pauv ib nrab hauv xyoo pua 10. Qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, pawg ntseeg tau los ua Orthodox thiab tau txais ntau pawg ntseeg - cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Cyprus.
Lub Koom Txoos ntawm St. Nicholas muaj npe nrov rau nws sab hauv nplua nuj - ob peb lub cim Greek ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th -16th tau khaws cia ntawm no, thiab lub iconostasis zoo nkauj tau tsim los lawm nyob rau xyoo pua 18th.
Roman rooj vag
Triumphal Arch ntawm Sergievs
Twb tau pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 1 AD, Pula tau puag ncig los ntawm phab ntsa muaj zog tiv thaiv, suav nrog 10 lub nroog rooj vag. Kev tiv thaiv Roman thaum ub tau raug rhuav tshem nyob rau xyoo 19th, tab sis ntau lub rooj vag muaj txoj sia nyob:
- Triumphal Arch ntawm Sergians yog qhov qub tshaj plaws ntawm phab ntsa fortress. Nws tau tsim los ua tus qauv sawv dawb hauv 27 BC. Lub koov tau mob siab rau peb kwv tij los ntawm tsev neeg muaj zog Sergius, uas kav Pula thaum lub sijhawm Roman faj tim teb chaws. Cov npe ntawm Sergiev cov kwv tij tau muab sau rau ntawm lub qhov rooj; cov khaub ncaws hnav kuj tseem ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub khob, cov paj zoo nkauj thiab cov taub hau. (Chaw Nyob: Flanatička ul. 2)
- Lub rooj vag Porta Gemina kuj tseem hu ua lub rooj vag ntxaib vim nws yog ob npaug - nws muaj ob lub arches. Lawv tau ua tom qab ntau dua li qhov kev kov yeej ntawm Sergians - nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua thib ob AD - thiab tau txhim tsa ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog qub rooj vag. Lub rooj vag Porta Gemina tseem tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov duab ntxim nyiam nrog ntxim nyiam ntxim nyiam cov khoom qub. Tsis deb ntawm cov rooj vag no yog cov phab ntsa ntawm lub nroog puag thaum ub.
- Lub qhov rooj ntawm Hercules tau nyob ze rau hnub nyoog mus rau qhov kev kov yeej ntawm Sergians - lawv tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 1. Nyob rau saum lawv yog cov duab puab ntawm zaj dab neeg Hercules - yog li lub npe ntawm lub qhov rooj. Cov npe sau ntawm tus tsim ntawm Pula, Guy Cassius Longinus, uas dhau los ua neeg nto moo zoo li yog Xesar tus neeg koom nrog thiab tua neeg, kuj tseem tau khaws cia ib nrab.(Chaw Nyob: Giardini ul. 5)
Lub fortress Kastel
Lub fortress Kastel
Kastel Fortress nyob rau saum toj ntawm ib lub toj siab uas nws siab txog 34 meters. Ancient Roman Capitol siv los sawv ntawm no. Lub fortress muaj zog tau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov txawv txav ntawm lub hnub qub plaub-taw qhia. Nws tau ua kom muaj zog nrog cov bastions, thiab tam sim no-cov dej tiv thaiv pov tseg tau khiav ncig nws.
Lub fortress Kastel tau tsim los ntawm Venetians nyob rau xyoo 17th thiab tiv thaiv lub nroog los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab thaum Tsov Rog Peb caug Xyoo. Nyob rau xyoo pua puv 19, Pula tau los nyob hauv txoj cai ntawm Austria -Hungary, thiab lub fortress tau rov tsim kho zoo heev - cov tub rog tau tshwm sim ntawm no, thiab lub pas dej tau tsim nyob rau sab qaum teb.
Txij li xyoo 1960, Tsev khaws puav pheej Keeb Kwm ntawm Istria tau qhib rau hauv lub fortress, cov khoom sau uas, txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau yog mob siab rau kev qhia thiab kos duab tub rog. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom cov khaub ncaws qub, thauj tog rau nkoj, riam phom, nkoj qauv thiab cov cim. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, cov yeeb yaj kiab yeeb yaj kiab muaj yeeb yaj kiab tau tshwm sim ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub fortress.
Nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub roob, muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm Roman ua yeeb yam thaum ub ntawm lub xyoo pua 2. Thiab hauv qab lub tsev fuabtais, nyob hauv qhov nqes hav ntawm pob tsuas, muaj lub qhov tsua tsis meej uas nyiam lub koob meej tsis zoo.
Tsev khaws puav pheej Archaeological
Tsev khaws puav pheej Archaeological
Tsev khaws puav pheej Archaeological nyob ze ntawm lub qhov rooj ntawm Hercules hauv lub tsev qub Austro-Hungarian gymnasium ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Tsev khaws puav pheej nws tus kheej tau qhib rau xyoo 1949, tab sis nws qhov kev tsim yuav tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau yog tias nws tsis yog rau Marshal ntawm Napoleonic pab tub rog, Marmont. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, nws tau txais lub npe ntawm Duke of Ragusa thiab dhau los ua kev txaus siab rau qhov qub Roman puas ntawm Pula. Marshal sai dhau los ua tus nyiam sau thiab tshawb nrhiav.
Tam sim no lub tsev khaws khoom qub txeeg qub teg qhia tsis yog tsuas yog sau los ntawm Marshal Marmont, tab sis kuj tseem muaj ntau lwm yam kev nrhiav pom zoo nyob hauv Istria. Cov keeb kwm ntawm thaj av, yos rov qab rau Hnub Nyoog Pob Zeb, tau nthuav tawm ntawm no. Ntawm cov khoom pov thawj uas tau xaiv yog cov pej thuam qub txeeg qub tes, pob zeb pob zeb, cov khoom siv iav, iav thiab cov khoom hlau uas yog cov neeg nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm Pula, nrog rau cov khoom muaj nqis thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev teev ntuj thaum txoj cai Byzantine.
Thoob dej yug ntses
Pula Aquarium yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv tag nrho ntawm Croatia. Nws qhov chaw yog xav paub - nws nyob hauv qhov kev tiv thaiv Austro -Hungarian Fort Verudela, uas tau tsim nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Hauv xyoo 2002, lub fortress tau rov kho dua, thiab tam sim no cov thoob dej yug ntses nyob nws thawj ob plag tsev.
Pula Aquarium yog lub tsev rau cov neeg nyob hauv Adriatic Hiav Txwv, ntses dej ntses, nrog rau cov tsiaj ntawm cov hiav txwv dej hiav txwv thiab dej hiav txwv. Hauv cov thoob dej yug ntses, koj tuaj yeem saib lom zem seahorses, txaus ntshai jellyfish thiab ntses ntses nqhis dej. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog nce mus rau saum ru tsev ntawm lub fort, uas muaj kev pom zoo ntawm Pula thiab Adriatic Hiav Txwv.
Cov thoob dej yug ntses nyob ntawm peb kilometers ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Pula. Chaw nyob: Verudela bb, Verudela
Brijuni Islands tuaj
Brijuni Islands tuaj
Cov pab pawg no ntawm 14 cov kob thiab cov pob zeb nyob deb rau ntawm kilometers ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Pula. Tam sim no nws tau tshaj tawm tias yog lub tiaj ua si hauv tebchaws ntawm Croatia vim nws muaj cov ntoo thiab tsiaj tshwj xeeb. Cov ntoo qhib nto moo loj tuaj ntawm no, ntxiv rau laurels, ntoo cedars, ntoo thuv, ntoo thuv, myrtle, oleander, rosemary thiab txawm tias eucalyptus. Cov ntoo ib leeg muaj ntau tshaj li ib txhiab xyoo. Hav qus thiab mos lwj tseem tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov Islands tuaj.
Cov Islands tuaj ntawm Brijuni lawv tus kheej khav theeb keeb kwm - cov cim ntawm cov neeg nyob puag puag thaum ub, ntau lub tsev nyob nruab nrab tau khaws cia ntawm no, thiab thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, kev tsim kho ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb tau pib ntawm no. Tom qab Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, Yauxej Broz Tito nws tus kheej nyob ntawm cov kob, thiab muaj kev coj noj coj ua thiab nom tswv zoo los ntawm thoob plaws ntiaj teb tuaj ntawm no.
Hauv Tito, lub tiaj ua si safari tau tshwm sim ntawm cov kob, uas tseem tab tom ua haujlwm. Ntau tus tsiaj African nyob ntawm no, nrog rau Indian ntxhw Lanka, pub los ntawm Indira Gandhi nws tus kheej.
Tam sim no muaj ntau lub tsev so thiab chav sib tham ntawm Brijuni Islands. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsev tsim vaj tsev tshwj xeeb kuj tseem muaj txoj sia nyob ntawm no: qhov tawg ntawm Roman lub tsev qub thiab cov tuam tsev ntawm xyoo pua 2 AD, cov seem ntawm Byzantine palace, cov ntseeg Christian basilica thaum xyoo pua 6 thiab lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Herman ntawm xyoo pua 15th. Cov koog tseem tab tom tshawb fawb keeb kwm yav dhau los, thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, piv txwv li, pom cov kab ntawm dinosaurs.
