Keeb kwm ntawm St. Petersburg

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Keeb kwm ntawm St. Petersburg
Keeb kwm ntawm St. Petersburg

Video: Keeb kwm ntawm St. Petersburg

Video: Keeb kwm ntawm St. Petersburg
Video: Piav Qhia Lub Keeb Kwm Ntawm Tsev Hmoob Vaj Ncuab Ntxhoos Raug Txo Phaj 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Keeb kwm ntawm St. Petersburg yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, nws yog los ntawm no tias Peter txoj kev hloov pauv tau nthuav tawm thoob plaws tebchaws Russia, thiab nws nyob ntawm no tias qhov hluav taws kub ntawm peb lub kiv puag ncig tau tawg. Nws yog lub nroog nyob rau Neva uas muaj peev xwm los sib tw nrog Niam Moscow, thiab txawm tias ib ntus txwv nws txoj cai ntawm Lavxias lub peev. Qhov tseeb nthuav - lub nroog nto moo Lavxias no yeej tsis tau pom cov neeg ntxeev siab, vim cov neeg nyob hauv ib txwm tsis quav ntsej cov yeeb ncuab.

Lub nroog Petra

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Cov kws sau keeb kwm ua siab ntev thiab ntseeg siab hu hnub uas tsim lub nroog - Tsib Hlis 16 (raws li tus qauv tshiab, Tsib Hlis 27), 1703, thiab lub npe ntawm nws tus tsim Peter I. Hauv 1712, zoo nkauj St. Petersburg tau txais peev txheej thiab faib nrog nws tsuas yog xyoo 1918. Nws tau pom meej tias ua ntej Peter Kuv tau muaj tib neeg nyob sib haum xeeb, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm haiv neeg Finno-Ugric tau nyob ntawm no, tom qab lawv nyob rau xyoo VIII-IX. Sab hnub tuaj Slavs tau tshwm sim. Lub sijhawm no tau tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev txhim kho cov khoom siv tes ua, kev lag luam, kev ua tsov rog tas li nrog cov neeg Swedes.

Tom qab lwm qhov kev kov yeej cov neeg nyob ze, thaj chaw thaum kawg tau koom nrog Lavxias Lub Tebchaws, thiab ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm Neva muaj lub nroog npe tom qab tus tsim - St. Petersburg. Thawj qhov nyuaj ntawm cov vaj tse tso los ntawm tsar yog Peter thiab Paul Fortress ntawm Hare Island. Hauv xyoo tom ntej, tau muaj kev tsim kho cov tsev nyob thiab chaw ua haujlwm, cov tuam txhab lag luam, thawj qhov uas yog Admiralty lub nkoj xa khoom.

Los ntawm 1725, Smolny, lub tsev ntawm Peterhof, Liteiny Dvor, cov chaw tsim khoom rau kev tsim cov cib, rab phom, trellises, thiab tawv tau tshwm sim hauv St. Petersburg. Tsis yog tsuas yog qhov ua tau zoo tab tom tsim, hauv tib lub xyoo St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences tau yug los.

Tom qab Peter I

Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom piav me ntsis keeb kwm ntawm St. Petersburg, vim tias nws nyuaj rau ib leeg tawm qhov xwm txheej twg yog qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, lub nroog tau hla Moscow raws li cov neeg nyob hauv, thiab nws tseem ua ntej hauv kev zoo nkauj thiab kev xav ntawm kev txhim kho nroog. Ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb uas cov neeg hauv nroog ntsib yog dej nyab txhua xyoo, qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm tau tshwm sim xyoo 1824.

Thoob plaws lub xyoo pua puv 19, St. Petersburg tau ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv lub neej ntawm Lavxias lub xeev thiab zej zog. Kev tsim kho sai ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev xa khoom txuas ntxiv mus, cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov nroj tsuag tau tshwm sim, xyoo 1836 kev tsim kho tsheb ciav hlau pib.

Lub nroog ntawm revolutions

Txhua qhov xwm txheej kev nom kev tswv uas ci thiab tu siab ntawm lub ntiaj teb uas tau tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov, cuam tshuam nrog St. Petersburg. Ntau tus neeg hauv nroog tau koom nrog qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Thawj Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb, thaum Lub Ob Hlis thiab Kaum Hli kev tawm tsam.

Xyoo 1918, tsoomfwv Lenin tau tsiv mus rau Moscow, nrog rau St. Petersburg poob qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub peev, tab sis qhov no tsis ua rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub nroog thiab nws cov neeg nyob hauv kev lag luam, kev lag luam, kab lis kev cai ntawm Russia thiab ntiaj teb poob qis.

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