Hauv nws cov kev coj noj coj ua, Baltic Lithuania muaj ntau yam nrog nws cov neeg nyob sib ze. Hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ib txwm ntawm nws cov khw noj mov, koj tuaj yeem pom cov tais diav zoo ib yam li Belarusian, Latvian, Ukrainian thiab Lavxias, nrog rau ceeb toom tus kheej nrog tus txheej txheem chav ua noj ntawm cov tebchaws Scandinavian. Txhua yam no yog vim lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Lithuania hauv thaj chaw thoob ntiaj teb txhua lub sijhawm: lub tebchaws tau nrhiav tsis tau los tsim kom muaj keeb kwm thiab kev coj noj coj ua zoo nrog nws cov neeg nyob sib ze.
Cov kab lis kev cai ua noj ua haus ntawm cov koom pheej tau hloov pauv ntau pua xyoo, thiab thaum Lub Caij Nyoog Nruab Nrab, kev coj noj coj ua zoo ntawm lub tebchaws tau vam meej hauv tebchaws Lithuania. Tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Lithuania txawm tias yog tus hloov pauv hauv kev ua zaub mov noj nyob rau qib thoob ntiaj teb. Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg nyiam kev hloov pauv tau hloov los ntawm cov neeg pluag kev coj noj coj ua, tab sis cov zaub mov txawv rau cov zaub mov qab heev ntawm "haute cuisine" tau muaj txoj sia nyob.
Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uas xav paub yuav ua li cas sim hauv tsev noj mov lossis chaw noj mov hauv Lithuania tau qhia kom xaiv cov zaub mov yooj yim uas tau muaj txoj sia nyob ntau qhov kev hloov pauv keeb kwm thiab kev tawm tsam. Nws txuas ntxiv los tsim lub hauv paus ntawm Lithuanian kev coj noj coj ua zoo, ncaj ncees nce mus rau qib ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis hauv tebchaws.
Lithuanian kws ua zaub mov thiab niam tsev nyiam ua noj los ntawm cov khoom xyaw yooj yim tab sis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Lawv feem ntau xaiv cov nqaij npuas thiab menyuam yaj los ntawm nqaij, qos yaj ywm, zaub qhwv, beets thiab zaub ntsuab yog nrov ntawm cov zaub. Cov khoom siv mis nyuj tau tuav hauv kev hwm, thiab qaub cream thiab tsev cheese yog ib txwm muaj nyob ntawm cov rooj ntawm Lithuanians. Thawj chav kawm nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov yog sawv cev los ntawm txias borscht, thiab thaum lub caij ntuj no - los ntawm cov kua zaub nplua nuj ntawm cov nqaij broth. Mov ci hauv Lithuania tseem yog lub taub hau ntawm txhua yam, thiab ntau yam hauv zos ntawm cov hmoov tsaus nrog cov noob caraway tau paub zoo txawm tias nyob sab nraud. Cov dej haus tau muab rau ntawm lub rooj tseem yog ib txwm - kvass, tsaus zog npias, liqueurs, thiab los ntawm cov muaj zog - vodka. Cov thev naus laus zis rau kev npaj cov tais diav hauv tebchaws Lithuanian feem ntau yog ci, ci hauv qhov cub thiab haus luam yeeb.
Sab saum toj 10 Lithuanian tais diav
Zeppelins
Cov tais zoo sib xws muaj nyob hauv chav ua noj ntawm ntau lwm lub tebchaws uas cog qos. Hauv tebchaws Lithuania, lawv raug hu ua "digkukuliai", txawm hais tias cov pej xeem paub zoo dua li "zeppelins". Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas qos dumplings tau lub npe menyuam yaus hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, thaum Lithuania tau los ntawm cov neeg German thiab cov dav hlau ya ntawm Zeppelin tau ya hla nws thaj chaw mus rau kab ua ntej txhua lub sijhawm.
"Zeppelins" yog tsim los ntawm cov qos yaj ywm grated (feem ntau yog nyoos, qee zaum sib xyaw nrog cov uas tau kib). Kev txhaws tau muab tso rau hauv cov hauv paus qos: feem ntau yog los ntawm cov nqaij minced, tab sis muaj kev xaiv nrog tsev cheese. Cov qhob cij tshiab hauv tsev tau txuas nrog cov dumplings loj heev ua cov ntses, thiab nws yog ib txwm coj los nchuav tag nrho cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig no nrog kib yaj cov nqaij npuas kib nrog cov cracklings.
Cov kws ua zaub mov niaj hnub tuaj yeem nphoo "zeppelins" nrog txhoov dill, tab sis kev ua haujlwm ib txwm zam tsis muaj kev txaus siab - cov zaub mov feem ntau tau npaj rau lub caij ntuj no, thaum ib tus tsis tuaj yeem npau suav ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab tshiab.
Zrazy
Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj cov zaub mov nrov tshaj plaws thib ob ntawm Lithuanian cov zaub mov, txhua yam tshwm sim raws nraim qhov tsis sib xws: cov nqaij hauv nws tsis ua qhov txhaws, tab sis raws li lub hauv paus uas zaub, qos yaj ywm, qe, nplej thiab txawm tias nceb raug zais. Hauv cov duab, "zrazy" tuaj yeem ua cutlets (niaj hnub hloov pauv) lossis nqaij tawv, yog tias lub tais tau npaj rau lub rooj noj mov.
Cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm "zrazov" Lithuanians xav txog Italian Bona Sforza, uas nyob rau xyoo pua 16th yog tus poj niam ntawm Grand Duke ntawm Lithuania Sigismund Kuv thiab coj ntau cov zaub mov noj los ntawm lawv cov keeb kwm keeb kwm.
Hauv cov tsev noj mov Lithuanian niaj hnub no, "zrazy" feem ntau tau npaj nrog cov nceb lossis cov qe hau thiab ua haujlwm nrog tshuaj ntsuab, zaub garnishes lossis zaub nyoos hauv qab ntau yam kua ntsw: los ntawm cov nqaij yooj yim mus rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua los ntawm cov txiv ntoo qus - cranberries thiab lingonberries.
Zemaichyu pancake
Lub npe ntawm qhov hloov pauv tom ntej ntawm kev ua noj qos yaj ywm tau sau tsis muaj qhov yuam kev: qhov no yog qhov kev hloov pauv los ntawm Lithuanian zoo li cas. Qos yaj ywm pancakes nrog cov nqaij puv tau yug los hauv thaj av emaitija thiab tau siv paus thoob plaws thaj chaw ntawm Grand Duchy ntawm Lithuania.
Lub khob noom cookie rau "zemaychu blinay" yog ua los ntawm cov qos yaj ywm. Nws yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej, ntxiv rau, "hauv ib yam", thiab qhov sib txawv no yog qhov zais cia tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm Lithuanian pancakes. Txhawm rau qhia qhov tseeb, lawv zoo li qos pies nrog dos thiab nqaij, tab sis tam sim no nws tsis muaj qab hau los sib cav nrog tus kws sau daim ntawv qhia. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los sim zemaichyu hauv txhua lub tsev noj mov Lithuanian uas muaj cov tais diav ntawm cov zaub mov hauv tebchaws.
Pancakes feem ntau tau ua nrog qaub cream hnav khaub ncaws nrog cov roj yaj nrog cov tawg, nrog qaub cream sau nrog ghee, lossis nrog qaub cream-nceb ntses. Feem ntau, qaub cream yuav muaj nyob ntawm koj lub phaj, thiab tus so koj tuaj yeem xaiv ntawm koj tus kheej los ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov.
Shalltibarshai kua zaub
Classic Lithuanian "khaltibarschay" (lossis "chill" los ntawm peb cov neeg nyob sib ze hauv Belarus) tau npaj nrog cov zaub qhwv. Txhua tus niam tsev muaj nws tus kheej zais ntawm kev ua noj ua haus, thiab yog li ntawd koj yuav tsis pom ob qhov zoo sib xws "cov ua txias txias". Hauv cov khw noj mov, lawv feem ntau siv cov zaub qhwv xwb, thiab qhov no tsis tuaj yeem hu ua classic ntawm hom ntawv. Tias yog vim li cas, tau txiav txim siab sim ua cov kua zaub txias tshwj xeeb hauv Lithuania, nug tus neeg tos khoom noj zaub li cas tau npaj rau "txias".
Lub hauv paus ntawm cov kua zaub yuav tsum yog kefir, lossis beet marinade lossis kua zaub sib xyaw nrog mis. Cov txiaj ntsig saj sai ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke tau muag muag los ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntxhiab zaub tshiab thiab ntsim tshuaj ntsuab - qej kib, dos qab ntxiag thiab ntsim ntsuab dos ib ncig.
"Shaltibarschai" tshwj xeeb yog ua tiav yog tias nws tau npaj ib hnub ua ntej, muaj sijhawm rau brew, thiab tau txais kev pabcuam nrog ib feem zoo ntawm cov kua qaub tuab, cov qos yaj ywm kub rau ntawm cov zaub mov cais thiab tsaus Lithuanian qhob cij ci nrog cov noob caraway.
Kua zaub hauv qhob cij
Cov tsoos kub ib txwm ntawm thawj chav kawm muaj qhov nthuav qhia thawj zaug. Mushroom kua zaub hauv Lithuania yog qhov tsim nyog sim, vim nws tau muab rau hauv qhob cij!
Cov tais nws tus kheej tau npaj los ntawm cov nceb hauv hav zoov - ntau dua chanterelles, thiab yog li nws feem ntau yog raws caij nyoog - caij nplooj zeeg. Tab sis lwm lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo, cov kua zaub hauv cov qhob cij tau pom hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ntawm cov khw noj mov, tab sis, piv txwv li, champignons lossis oyster nceb yuav raug siv ua lub hauv paus. Ntxiv nrog rau nceb, daim ntawv qhia suav nrog qos yaj ywm, carrots thiab dos, ntxiv rau hmoov thiab qab zib, nrog kev pab ntawm cov kua zaub ua tuab thiab nplua nuj. Cov phaj yog cov khob cij puag ncig, los ntawm qhov uas cov nqaij tau txiav. Cov zaub yog seasoned nrog kua txob dub hauv av thiab dill.
Sausage Skilandis
Cov khoom lag luam hnyuv ntxwm muaj npe "skilandis" tau txais txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntawm European Union, uas tau lees paub qhov kev coj ua ntawm kev tsim khoom. Qhov xwm txheej no yuav tsum ua tus tsim khoom kom ua raws qee cov qauv, thiab yog li koj tuaj yeem saj skilandis hauv ib qho chaw tsim khoom noj rau pej xeem hauv Lithuania - qhov zoo yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Nws yog tsim los ntawm nqaij npuas txhoov hauv ntxhib-mesh nqaij grinder. Cov nqaij npuas kib, ntsev, coriander thiab kua txob dub tau ntxiv rau qhov hnyav, thiab kom qhuav cov nqaij minced tau muab tso rau hauv lub plhaub ntuj - lub plab ntawm npua. Cov txheej txheem kom qhuav yuav siv li ob lub lis piam, tom qab uas yuav luag tiav "skilandis" raug rau kev haus luam yeeb txias mus sij hawm ntev.
Hauv cov khw noj mov, Lithuanian hnyuv ntxwm tau ua rau txias txias, txiav ua nyias nyias thiab nrog cov qhob cij ci tshiab, kua ntses thiab zaub tshiab. Txoj hauv kev thib ob los siv "skilandis" hauv Lithuanian ua noj yog ua zaub qhwv zaub qhwv thiab borscht nrog nws. Cov hnyuv ntxwm muab qhov tsw ntxhiab thiab saj rau thawj chav kawm.
Nqaij Vederai
Hauv Lithuanian, "buderay" txhais tau tias "siab tawv". Qab lub npe no dag cov khoom noj txom ncauj uas nrov heev hauv lub tebchaws - cov hnyuv hnyuv hnyuv nrog cov nplej. Yav dhau los, cov zaub mov yog raws caij nyoog, vim tias nws xav tau cov ntshav npua los npaj nws, thiab cov nyuj raug tua nyob rau lub caij ntuj no xwb. Tam sim no "buderay" tuaj yeem xaj hauv Lithuanian cov khw noj mov txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo.
Cov hnyuv ntxwm tau npaj nrog ntau yam cereals: buckwheat, barley, thiab txawm tias mov tuaj yeem ua lub hauv paus. Cov groats feem ntau yog rhaub kom txog thaum ib nrab siav thiab sib xyaw nrog cov ntshav tshiab, nqaij npuas rind, thiab cov txuj lom. Tom qab ntawd cov hnyuv tau ntim nrog cov txiaj ntsig tau tshwm sim thiab cov hnyuv ntxwm tau ci ntawm daim ntawv ci hauv qhov cub. Vederai tau txais kev pabcuam nrog hmoov nplej thiab txuj lom ntses lossis qaub cream sib xyaw nrog ghee thiab cov tshuaj ntsuab txhoov. Cov zaub mov zoo tshaj yog kub.
Kugelis
Cov qos yaj ywm casserole "Kugelis" yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav Lithuanian. Nws lub hauv paus yog mashed boiled qos yaj ywm. Qhov txhaws feem ntau yog cov dos txiav, kib nrog feem ntau ntawm cov lard, thiab qe nyoos. Qhov sib tov yog seasoned nrog kua txob dub, marjoram thiab Bay nplooj thiab muab tso rau hauv pwm ntawm txheej ntawm cov qos yaj ywm hau. Tom qab ntawd lub tais tau ci thiab ua haujlwm nrog kua los yog kua ntses lingonberry.
Ntxiv rau, koj tuaj yeem xaj cov nqaij npuas kib, tab sis "kugelis" yog cov zaub mov zoo thiab txaus rau tus kheej uas cov nqaij ntawm koj lub rooj yuav tsis txaus. Nug tus neeg tos rau ib feem ntawm qaub cream - feem ntau qhov saj ntawm casserole yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog "qhia" hauv nws lub xub ntiag.
Ncuav qab zib "Khvorost"
Qhov nyiam noj qab nyob zoo ntawm cov menyuam Lithuanian tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm nws qhov zoo ib yam li tsob ntoo poob. Nws yog tsim los ntawm hmoov nplej, qe, butter thiab mis. Rum lossis cognac tau ntxiv rau lub khob noom cookie, thiab cov khoob tau kib hauv cov lauj kaub nrog cov roj kub npau. Tshaj tawm "txhuam txhuam" ntawm lub tais nrog daim ntawv so tes kom nws nqus tau cov rog ntau dhau, thiab tom qab ntawd nphoo nrog hmoov qab zib. Hauv cov khw noj mov thiab khw muag khoom noj, cov neeg nyiam Lithuanian cov ncuav qab zib tau muab nrog kas fes lossis cocoa.
Shakotis ncuav qab zib
Lub pinnacle ntawm Lithuanian pastry kws ua zaub mov txuj ci yog qhov raug suav hais tias "Shakotis" - ncuav mog qab zib uas feem ntau koom nrog kev tshoob kos. Hauv lub neej txhua hnub, koj tuaj yeem xaj nws hauv khw noj mov hauv Vilnius thiab lwm lub nroog, yog li koj tsis tas yuav tos kev caw tuaj koom tshoob.
Shakotis yog ua los ntawm hmoov nplej thiab muaj qe ntau heev. Lub khob noom cookie dhau los ua kua thiab ci rau ntawm ib lub skewer tshwj xeeb, dipping nws dua thiab ntxiv rau hauv lub qe loj thaum nws tawv. Dej ntws los, lub khob noom cookie ua "twigs", thiab ncuav mog qab zib zoo li qub thiab zoo heev.
Cov neeg Lithuanians qhia cov lus dab neeg uas Shakotis tau ua los ntawm lub sijhawm. Tus kws ua zaub mov tau ua rau lub khob noom cookie hla lub qhov hluav taws kub, thiab poj huab tais Barbara nyiam cov khoom qab zib qab zib. Ib txoj hauv kev lossis lwm qhov, Shakotis tam sim no yog lub cim ua zaub mov ntawm Lithuania, thiab cov neeg ncig tebchaws tau sim sim nws hauv yuav luag txhua lub khw kas fes thiab khw muag khoom noj.
