Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam
Staraya Ladoga yog ib qho kev lag luam qub tshaj plaws nyob rau sab qaum teb Russia. Muaj ib zaug muaj ib zaug qhov chaw nyob ntawm tub huabtais Rurik … Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pom lub fortress muaj zog ntawm 15th-16th centuries, lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. George ntawm XII caug xyoo nrog cov duab tshwj xeeb, lub tsev khaws khoom nthuav tawm hauv ib qho ntawm cov yees nrog kev sau keeb kwm nplua nuj, thiab ntau ntxiv.
Fortress keeb kwm
Thawj sau hais txog Ladoga hnub rov qab rau 1010, uas yog Old Ladoga ntawm Ancient Moscow … Cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm, txawm li cas los xij, thov hais tias muaj kev sib hais haum nyob ntawm no twb tau nyob rau xyoo 7th-8th lawm: tseem tshuav lub tsev, lub qhov cub thiab lub tsev txhab nyiaj nyob. Nws ntseeg tias thawj tus neeg nyob yog Scandinavians, thiab tsuas yog tom qab no pab pawg neeg Slavic tuaj ntawm no.
Qhov kev sib hais ruaj khov sawv ntawm kev lag luam "los ntawm Varangians mus rau Greek", loj hlob thiab dhau los ua neeg nplua nuj los ntawm kev lag luam. Ntawm no, piv txwv li, tau pom Arab npib ntawm VIII xyoo pua thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub zoo rau Bulgaria - uas txhais tau tias kev lag luam tau ua nrog rau sab qab teb. Nws tsim cov hlaws iav nrog "qhov muag" - cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Nws ntseeg tias nws yog Ladoga uas tau ua nws qhov chaw nyob Rurik … Lub nroog nplua nuj raug rhuav tshem ob peb zaug.
Heev thaum ntxov, twb nyob rau xyoo X, lub pob zeb fortress sawv ntawm no - hauv qab nto moo Yaj Saub Oleg, Novgorod thiab Kiev tub huabtais. Nws cov seem tau pom los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm hauv 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX, txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb pom no tuaj yeem nug. Qhov tseeb yog qhov seem ntawm lub fortress tom ntej, xyoo pua 11th, yog ntoo dua. Ib txoj hauv kev lossis lwm qhov, lub fortress tau nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm lub ramparts siab, thiab khoov ntawm ob tus dej - Ladozhka thiab Volkhov - tau raug thaiv los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb uas tau khawb cov ditch, uas yog, lub fortress xaus rau ntawm cov khoom cua dag.
Txij li XIV xyoo pua, Ladoga tau nthuav tawm ntau zaus rau Swedish tawm tsam - Nws raug coj mus, tom qab ntawd raug ntaus rov qab. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tam sim no rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 16th: zoo li ntau lwm lub chaw tiv thaiv sab qaum teb, nyob rau xyoo no lub qub fort Ladoga tau rov kho dua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub sijhawm tshiab. Cov phom sib kis tau, rab phom loj mus txog qib tshiab - txhua yam no xav tau kev tsim kho phab ntsa tshiab thiab tus yees.
Tom qab Tsov Rog Qaum Teb Laus Ladoga tau poob nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Peter kuv nrhiav tau Novaya Ladoga, hauv qhov chaw uas nws pom tias tsim nyog dua. Staraya Ladoga tau poob qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub nroog - tam sim no nws yog ib lub zos.
Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, nws tau poob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj, tab sis los ntawm lub sijhawm no cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm tau txaus siab rau nws. Twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1884, kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb pib ntawm no. kev khawb av … Kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb hauv Ladoga tau ua tiav hauv 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX raws li kev qhia ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb nto moo Vladimir Bogusevich yog ib tug kws tshaj lij, uas nyob rau xyoo no tshawb Pskov thiab Novgorod.
Lub Koom Txoos ntawm St. George thiab St. Demetrius ntawm Thessaloniki
Muaj ob lub tsev teev ntuj tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Staraya Ladoga. Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm st. George xav tias ua hauv XII ib nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm kev yeej tom ntej hla cov neeg Swedes - qhov no feem ntau yog ib lub tsev teev ntuj qub tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias sab qaum teb. Nws tau rov kho dua ob peb zaug, thiab thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th nws txawv ntawm qhov qub. Lub tsev raug faus rau hauv av los ntawm ib thiab ib nrab metres, hauv av, raws li, tau sawv ntau zaus, lub sam thiaj tshiab thiab lub tswb tswb tau ntxiv rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj.
Nyob rau xyoo pua nees nkaum, lub tuam tsev tau rov zoo li qub, thiab ntawm cov chaw pw thiab hauv lub thaj tau qhib. frescoes ntawm XII caug xyoo … Kwv yees li ib feem tsib ntawm txhua daim duab tau muaj txoj sia nyob. Qhov ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm no yog lub fresco thaj uas piav txog St. George kov yeej zaj. Nws tau muab sau rau hauv lub qhov rooj nkhaus nkhaus apse: tus kws kos duab uas pleev xim rau nws coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tsis sib xws ntawm daim duab. Daim npog ntsej muag tau pleev xim kom pom qib txawm tias muaj qhov nkhaus ntawm phab ntsa.
Ntoo ntoo Dmitry Solunsky lub Koom Txoos ua hauv 1732 xya … Nws tau ua phem heev los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, tab sis thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, tawm tsam qhov rov qab los ntawm kev nyiam nrog kev qub qub, nws tau rov qab los hauv nws cov qub qub nrog cov nyiaj ntawm cov tub lag luam hauv zos. Nov yog ib lub tsev teev ntuj ntoo qub tshaj plaws nyob hauv Russia.
Tom qab kev hloov pauv, nws tau pauv mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej thiab nyob hauv tsev nthuav tawm qhia txog lub neej neeg pluag … Tsis muaj dab tsi tseem tshuav ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Tam sim no muaj kev nthuav qhia ntawm frescoes ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. George thiab qee zaum, los ntawm kev pom zoo nrog lub tsev khaws puav pheej, kev pabcuam los saum ntuj los.
Tsev khaws puav pheej
Tam sim no Lub qub Ladoga Fortress yog lub tsev khaws puav pheej … Nws lub yees thiab phab ntsa tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 15th thiab rov tsim kho tau zoo nyob rau xyoo pua 16th. Cov phab ntsa yog qhov qis - qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov siab txog 10 meters, tab sis lawv muaj zog heev. Lawv cov tuab nyob hauv qee qhov chaw nce mus txog 7 metres, lawv tau tsim nrog qhov kev cia siab ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov phom loj.
Lub fortress tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Thaum lub sijhawm rov ua tsov rog rov qab los, lawv tau rov ua tiav ob tus yees, Vorotnaya thiab Klimentovskaya, thiab ib feem ntawm phab ntsa, tus so tau npuaj npas. Lub Raskatnaya, Strelochnaya thiab Taynitskaya yees tseem nyob hauv lub xeev puas tsuaj. Ib ncig ntawm lub fortress txuas ntxiv kev khawb av.
Kev nthuav tawm ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej tam sim no nyob hauv Rooj Vag Tower. Tsev khaws puav pheej tau tshwm sim ntawm no Xyoo 1971 … Nws nyob ob theem ntawm tus pej thuam. Ib qho ntawm kev nthuav qhia qhia txog thawj qhov kev sib haum xeeb hauv cov cheeb tsam no, yos rov qab mus rau Neolithic, thiab hais txog kev pam tuag ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, lwm qhov qhia txog kev lag luam ntau heev ntawm nruab nrab Ladoga, thiab thaum kawg qhov kawg qhia txog lub nroog lub neej thiab tub rog keeb kwm ntawm lub fortress.
Lwm qhov ntawm lub fortress, nkag tau rau kev tshuaj xyuas - Lub nroog Earthen … Cov no yog cov bastions hauv av tau tsim nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th raws li kev tiv thaiv ntxiv. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm keeb kwm, thawj qhov kev hais daws tau nyob ntawm no.
Varyazhskaya txoj kev
Tawm los ntawm lub fortress Txoj kev Varyazhskaya - nws suav hais tias yog ib txoj kev qub tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia … Nws tau khaws cia cov tsev ntoo ntawm xyoo pua puv 19, thiab tsis ntev los no tau muab tooj liab "Attacking Falcon" - lub cim ntawm Staraya Ladoga thiab tsev neeg Rurik nws tus kheej. Kuj tseem muaj lub monument rau ob tus thawj coj - Rurik thiab Yaj Saub Oleg, los ntawm tus kws puab puab Oleg Shorov. Nws kuj tshwm sim nyob rau tiam 21st century.
Nyob hauv ib lub tsev muag khoom, lub tsev ntoo ntawm tus tub lag luam A. Kalyazin, tam sim no tsev cia puav pheej tshwj xeeb rau cov tub lag luam Ladoga … Lub tsev pob zeb, uas tau koom nrog tib tsev neeg txij li xyoo 2003, muaj tsev nthuav qhia khoom qub. Nws nthuav tawm ntau dua ib txhiab yam khoom pom ntawm no thaum lub sijhawm khawb av.
Monasteries
Ntxiv rau lub fortress hauv Staraya Ladoga, nws tsim nyog mus ntsib ob lub tsev teev ntuj, txiv neej thiab poj niam.
Monastery Staraya Ladoga Nikolsky Nws tau tsim los ntawm Alexander Nevsky tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Neva, thiab tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pom St. Nicholas Cathedral ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th thiab lub tsev teev ntuj nthuav ntawm St. John Chrysostom, XIX caug xyoo, ua hauv pseudo-Lavxias style.
V Old Ladoga Dormition Monastery Assumption Cathedral ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th tau raug khaws cia nrog cov seem ntawm cov frescoes thaum ub, ntxiv rau cov tsev ntawm nruab nrab xyoo pua puv 19 nyob rau hauv Empire style. Ntawm no loj hlob laus loj ntoo linden - Cov dab neeg hauv tsev teev ntuj hais tias lawv tau cog los ntawm Evdokia Lopukhina, thawj tus poj niam ntawm Peter the Great, uas tau raug ntiab tawm mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj tshwj xeeb no. Tsis tas li hauv lub tsev teev ntuj no, qhov kev ntseeg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, Abbess Eupraxia, tau hwm ua neeg dawb huv. Hauv qhov chaw uas St. Barbara, lub tsev teev ntuj tau teeb tsa.
Tam sim no ob lub tsev teev ntuj tab tom ua haujlwm, nquag kho thiab txhim kho lawv thaj chaw.
Ib zaug dhau ib zaug hauv Staraya Ladoga ntawm Malyshevaya Gora muaj lwm lub tsev teev ntuj - Yauhas tus Muab Neeg Ua Kev Cai Raus Dej … Tam sim no los ntawm nws tseem yog lub tsev teev ntuj ua haujlwm ntawm St. John the Baptist, tau tsim xyoo 1695. Nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, lub tsev nyob ze ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob hauv Malysheva Gora, cov pej xeem hauv cheeb tsam tau siv cov xuab zeb nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab thaum kawg lub roob pib tsaws. Twb tau nyob rau xyoo pua 21st, lub roob tau txhawb ntxiv nrog cov qhob cij, thiab lub tsev teev ntuj tau raug txum tim rov qab thiab muab rau cov neeg ntseeg.
Cov Lus Tseeb
Old Ladoga tsis yog tsuas yog laus dua Moscow, tab sis kuj suav tias nws tus kheej yog "peev txheej qub ntawm Qaum Teb Russia".
Thawj tus neeg tshawb nrhiav tham txog qhov tsis nkag mus hauv av uas coj los ntawm tus yees mus rau tus dej. Cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm niaj hnub no tsis pom muaj cov kab hauv qab.
Ntawm daim ntawv
- Qhov chaw: Staraya Ladoga, Volkhovsky pr., 19.
- Yuav ua li cas mus txog ntawd: los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm Ladozhsky chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau mus rau Volkhovstroy-1 chaw nres tsheb, tom qab ntawd los ntawm npav npav 23 mus rau lub chaw tiv thaiv.
- Lub vev xaib raug cai:
- Cov sijhawm qhib: 09: 00-18: 00, St. George tsuas yog lub caij ntuj sov.
- Mus ntsib tus nqi. Nkag mus rau thaj chaw: cov neeg laus - 50 rubles, rau cov qib tshwj xeeb - pub dawb. Ib daim pib rau txhua qhov kev nthuav tawm: neeg laus - 200 rubles, txo tus nqi - 100 rubles.
