Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam
Tsev khaws puav pheej Crystal yog nyob hauv St. George Cathedral hauv nroog Gus-Khrustalny. Tsev khaws puav pheej yog lub nroog qhov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
St. George's Cathedral, uas yog lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj, yog lub tsev tsim vaj tsev nyob rau tiam 19th thiab thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th. Nws tau tsim tsa xyoo 1892-1895 hauv pseudo-Lavxias style raws li txoj haujlwm ntawm L. N. Benoit. Tus kws kes duab vajtse nws tus kheej xav txog lub tuam tsev no yog ib qho ntawm nws tsim tau zoo tshaj plaws. Lub tsev yog peb-nave basilica nrog lub siab nruab nrab nave thiab sab qis naves. Lub tswb pej thuam tau hnav nrog lub tsev pheeb suab zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj, nce mus txog 45 meters. Tsev pheeb suab nruab nrab tau cuam tshuam nrog cov sab me. Peb-hipped muaj pes tsawg leeg tau ua ke nrog peb tshooj nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tsev.
Lub tswb pej thuam tsis muaj sia nyob txog niaj hnub no. Cov kws kho mob tsis rov kho nws. Tab sis nws cov duab qub ua rau pom cov duab ntawm Yaroslavl architecture ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. L. N. Benois tswj hwm los tsim ib qho piv txwv tshwj xeeb ntawm thawj "Lavxias style". Hauv nws txoj haujlwm, tus kws kho vajtse tau koom ua ke cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias thiab Western European kab lis kev cai.
Sab hauv ntawm St. George's Cathedral tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj sab hauv twb ua tiav los ntawm tus paub zoo V. M. Vasnetsov. Rau St. George Cathedral nws pleev xim tsib xim. Txog rau tam sim no, tsuas yog ob txoj haujlwm ntawm tus tswv zoo tau muaj txoj sia nyob: daim ntaub loj loj "Qhov Kev Txiav Txim zaum kawg", uas muaj thaj tsam ntawm 49 square metres. m thiab nws mosaic txoj cai "Hais txog koj zoo siab, foom koob hmoov rau …". Cov mosaic yog ua los ntawm daim iav me me thiab pleev xim rau lub thaj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj.
Raws li lub tsev teev ntuj ua haujlwm, St. George's Cathedral tsis nyob ntev. Tom qab qhov xwm txheej hloov pauv ntawm 1917, nws tau raug kaw, thiab ntev li lub tsev no tau nyob hauv cov koom haum pej xeem. Tsuas yog xyoo 1970 lub xeev tau siv lub tsev teev ntuj nyob hauv nws txoj kev tiv thaiv. Rau 11 xyoo ntev, kev rov kho dua tau tshwm sim ntawm no. Thaum nws ua tiav xyoo 1983, Tsev khaws puav pheej Crystal tau qhib hauv lub tsev teev ntuj.
Lub tsev khaws khoom nthuav tawm yog ua raws cov khoom lag luam los ntawm chav qauv nyob ntawm lub Hoobkas siv lead ua. Hauv chav ua piv txwv los ntawm thawj hnub ntawm tsob ntoo muaj nyob, cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua thiab iav tau sau, uas tau tsim los ntawm tsob ntoo nto moo. Hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej koj tuaj yeem paub nrog kev tsim khoom loj ntawm lub Hoobkas siv lead ua, thiab nrog cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sau ntawv.
Nyob rau thaum ntxov ntawm nws lub neej, cov nroj tsuag tau tsim cov khoom los ntawm cov iav potash zoo tib yam, kho kom zoo nkauj lawv siv kos duab. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, cov lead lead tiag tau tshwm sim, uas yog iav uas muaj cov hlau lead oxide, uas muab cov khoom siv lead ua cov xim zoo nkauj. Crystal ntshiab yog suab nrov heev. Txawm tias ua tsis taus pa ntawm lub khob iav nyias nyias, nws muaj peev xwm ua rau lub suab nrov nrov "crimson". Pob zeb diamond kws ua haujlwm, los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau lub ntsej muag, tsim cov qauv pob zeb diamond ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua.
Kev ua haujlwm siv lead ua ntawm xyoo pua 18th yog qhov zoo kawg. Hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej koj tuaj yeem pom cov iav siv lead ua hnyav, iav tsom iav nrog lub ntsej muag pob zeb diamond sib sib zog nqus, damask dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov khoom kub. Cov iav ntawm xyoo pua puv 19 yog qhov sib txawv heev. Ua cov siv lead ua, ua kom tiav nrog lub ntsej muag nplua nuj pob zeb diamond. Cov kws tshaj lij txuj ci paub yuav ua li cas thiaj ntes tau lub hnub ci thiab ua kom nws ci hauv cov siv lead ua. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov qauv iav uas zoo nkauj tau nthuav tawm ntawm no.
Nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, iav tau tshwm sim uas ua piv txwv nyiaj thiab kub. Nws tau nthuav tawm hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv cov style sab hnub tuaj, kumgans, hookahs. Cim ntau txheej vases, fwj, tsim raws li tus qauv ntawm tus kws kos duab Fabkis nto moo E. Galle, nrog muted xiav-violet thiab "pleev xim" xim av xim av uas yog hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 20th.
Lub yeeb koob ntawm Gus-Khrustalny, raws li kev siv lead ua loj, tau nqis mus deb tshaj li ciam teb ntawm Russia. Cov txuj ci tshwj xeeb thiab txuj ci ntawm Gusev tus tswv tau txais txiaj ntsig kub ntawm kev nthuav tawm hauv Vienna, Paris, Chicago.
Lub sijhawm Soviet ntawm tsob ntoo kev ua haujlwm kuj tseem muaj dav sawv cev hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Cov khoom lag luam ntawm xyoo 1920, dai kom zoo nrog kev kos duab yooj yim thiab pleev xim nrog cov xim pleev xim, yog laconic thiab yooj yim hauv daim ntawv. Cov phiaj xwm tshiab ntawm kev kos duab ntawm siv lead ua muaj tus cwj pwm thematic, ntau yam xwm txheej los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm lub tebchaws Soviet tau xav txog ntawm no.
Xyoo 1970, tsob ntoo tsim cov khoom siv lead ua xwb. Cov khoom ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd sawv cev rau "lub nceeg vaj" ntawm cov xim tsis muaj xim thiab siv lead ua thiab pob zeb diamond.
Tam sim no, lub tsev khaws khoom khaws cia txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv nrog cov khoom pov thawj tshiab tshwj xeeb - kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam ntawm lub tsev lag luam goose -crystal. Hauv lawv cov haujlwm feem ntau, lawv qhuas qhuas kev zoo nkauj ntawm thaj av Meshchera.
