Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam
Tsev khaws puav pheej Archaeological Istanbul yog ib lub tsev khaws khoom loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws nthuav tawm txog ib lab qhov khoom pov thawj thiab ua haujlwm rau kev coj noj coj ua ntawm ntau lub sijhawm. Lub tsev khaws khoom khaws cia muaj cov haujlwm uas yog los ntawm kev vam meej uas muaj nyob hauv Africa los ntawm Balkans, Anatolia thiab Arabian Peninsula, Mesopotamia, Afghanistan thiab Ottoman Empire.
Tsev khaws puav pheej Archaeological Istanbul nyob hauv peb lub tsev, uas nyob hauv Topkapi Palace hauv thaj chaw ntawm Thawj Lub Tsev Laus. Nws kuj suav nrog Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Turkish Ceramics thiab Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ancient East. Cov tsev khaws khoom tau teev tseg tau qhib rau xyoo 1891 thiab tshuav lawv lub neej rau Osman Hamdi Bey, tus kws kos duab Turkish, tus sawv cev ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm thiab tus saib xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Nws yog Osman uas tau thov kom tsim lub tsev khaws puav pheej tshiab ntawm no thiab twb yog xyoo 1891 thawj feem ntawm lub tsev tshiab tau qhib. Lub phiaj xwm tau kos los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Alexander Vallauri, ntawm Fab Kis-Turkish keeb kwm, ua qauv ntawm sarcophagus hu ua "Weeping Woman" hauv Western neoclassical tsim. Ib feem peb ntawm lub tsev tau ua tiav hauv 1908. Osman Hamdi tau hais tias nws tau pub nws cov nyiaj tau los txhua xyoo rau kev tsim tsev khaws puav pheej. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1884, ib qho kev txwv txiav tawm ntawm kev xa tawm cov khoom qub qub txeeg qub teg txawv teb chaws los ntawm cov kev cai tshiab suav nrog hauv txoj cai lij choj ntawm relics.
Xyoo 1935, Tsev khaws puav pheej tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ancient East, uas nyob hauv lub tsev ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Kos Duab Zoo. Tom qab ntawd, Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Turkish thiab Islamic Art tau ntxiv rau nws. Txij li xyoo 1953 nws tau nyob hauv Tsev Tiled Pavilion. Nws tau tsim xyoo 1472 los ua lub tsev ntawm Sultan Mehmed II tus Conqueror, yog ib lub tsev qub tshaj plaws ntawm lub tebchaws Ottoman.
Txij li xyoo 1991, ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev ntawm cov duab puab qub thiab sarcophagi ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom qub txeeg qub teg tau rov nthuav tawm hauv qhov chaw nyuaj no, uas suav nrog lub tsev tseem ceeb ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej Archaeological, lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm kev ua haujlwm sab hnub tuaj qub, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tiled-pavilion, cov khoom nrog chasing, cov ntawv khaws cia ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, chaw kuaj mob, tsev qiv ntawv thiab lwm yam. txhua yam txuas ntxiv. Ib qho ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog sarcophagi los ntawm Sidon (ancient Syria). Lawv tau nthuav tawm hauv lawv daim ntawv qub, tab sis nyob hauv qhov chaw me ntsis ntxiv niaj hnub no. Cov sarcophagi no sawv cev rau ntau yam kev tsim qauv uas hloov pauv hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Phenicia thiab Egypt. Ib qho ntawm nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom pov thawj yog sarcophagus ntawm Alexander, pom los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm xyoo 1887 thiab tau npog nrog cov duab zoo nkauj piav txog kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab cov xwm txheej los ntawm lub neej ntawm dab tsi thaum xub thawj ntseeg tias yog Alexander the Great nws tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd nws tau ua pov thawj tias sarcophagus koom nrog Abdalonimos - tus vaj ntxwv Sidonian. Nyob rau tib qhov chaw, hauv necropolis ntawm Sidon, tau khaws cia zoo Sarcophagus ntawm Tus Poj Niam quaj tau pom nrog cov vaj huam sib luag ua kom zoo nkauj piav qhia tus poj niam hauv kev quaj ntsuag. Tseem muaj lwm qhov sarcophagi los ntawm lub nroog Sidon, piv txwv li Satrap - tus vajntxwv ntawm Tabnit. Ib qho ntxiv, tus pej thuam ntawm tus tsov ntxhuav tau nthuav tawm hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej, uas nyob hauv lub qhov ntxa ntawm tus kav ntawm Mavsol - Mausoleum ntawm Halicarnassus. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Archaeological tau khaws cov khoom seem ntawm cov pej thuam los ntawm lub sijhawm puag thaum ub coj los ntawm Pergamon Tuam Tsev ntawm Zeus, cov khoom pom thaum lub sijhawm khawb hauv Troy thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub tuam tsev Athena los ntawm lub nroog Assos.
Lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj cov ntawv sau keeb kwm loj ntawm qhov seem ntawm cov khoom siv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov neeg nyob puag thaum ub pom nyob hauv cheeb tsam. Cov khoom pov thawj no qhia txog keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm ntawm Istanbul. Ntawm qhov nkag mus rau lub tsev cia puav pheej muaj tus mlom ntawm tus tsov ntxhuav, uas tau pom hauv lub qhov ntxa ntawm Halikarnassus.
Tsev khaws puav pheej muaj cov khoom nthuav tawm hu ua "Istanbul Dhau Lub Hnub Nyoog" - cov khoom lag luam nplua nuj thiab zoo khaws cia tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm Council of Europe Prize xyoo 1993. Lub rooj nthuav qhia tseem muaj lub tswb nrov los ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th. los ntawm tus pej thuam ntawm Galata, thiab ib feem ntawm tus nab nab Column ntawm Hippodrome - lub taub hau rov los ntawm nab. Ntawm ob qib qis ntawm kev nthuav tawm muaj cov khoom pov thawj mob siab rau ib-paus xyoo dhau los ntawm Anatolia thiab Troy. Duab puab los ntawm Palestine, Cyprus thiab Syria kuj tau nthuav tawm ntawm no. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ancient Sab Hnub Nyoog tsis ntev los no tau kho dua tshiab thiab muaj tsev tshwj xeeb tshaj yog sau los ntawm cov khoom cuav uas ib zaug muaj rau kev vam meej thaum ub - Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Egypt thiab tag nrho cov av av. Cov mlom Pre-Islamic thiab cov vajtswv, cov ntawv Aramaic thaum ub thiab sau me me ntawm Iyiv cov khoom qub, uas tau coj los ntawm lub tshav puam ntawm lub tuam tsev Al-Ula, tau nthuav tawm ntawm no.
Hauv tsev khaws puav pheej, koj tseem tuaj yeem xav txog Obelisk ntawm Adad-Nirari Qhov Peb, uas muaj cov ntawv sau ua cov npoo. Ntawm tus nqi tshwj xeeb yog kab ntawv ntawm cov xim mosaic ntau xim piav txog zaj nrog nab lub taub hau thiab cov nyuj - cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub qhov rooj loj ntawm Ishtar, ua thaum lub sijhawm Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar kav. Cov khoom qub tshaj plaws hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 13th BC. Cov no suav nrog sphinx los ntawm Yarkapi lub rooj vag hauv Hattusas thiab 2 ntawm 3 lub npe paub ntsiav tshuaj ntawm kev cog lus qub tshaj plaws (Treaty ntawm Kadesh), uas Ramses II thiab Hattusili III kos npe ntawm lawv tus kheej hauv xyoo pua 13th BC.
Ntawm kev txaus siab tshwj xeeb yog cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ua los ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj cuneiform, uas muaj ntau dua xya caum tsib daim hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Kev sau suav nrog cov ntsiav tshuaj limestone nrog cov ntawv sau 11, 1x7, 2 cm loj, uas tau pom xyoo 1908, tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 10. BC Nws tau lub npe daim ntawv qhia hnub los ntawm Gezer. Cov khoom pov thawj loj tshaj plaws yog Siloam cov ntawv sau, uas yog pob zeb ntsuas 1, 32x0, 21 meters, uas yog zaj dab neeg ntawm kev tsim kho qhov av uas txuas qhov chaw ntawm Gion thiab Siloam reservoir hauv xyoo pua 8 BC yog sau.
