Nov yog lub npe luv uas Solovetsky Islands tau txais. Hais txog thaj chaw, nws yog ib pawg ntseeg nyob hauv Dej Hiav Txwv Dawb, nrog txog ib puas lub tebchaws loj thiab me. Rau ntau tus neeg, keeb kwm ntawm Solovki cuam tshuam nrog ob yam khoom nto moo - Solovetsky Monastery, qhov chaw mus rau cov neeg ntseeg, thiab muaj npe nrov Solovetsky Lub Hom Phiaj Tshwj Xeeb Camp, qhov chaw tsim txom thiab tuag ntau txhiab tus neeg raug tsim txom los ntawm Stalin kev tsim txom.
Los ntawm primitiveness mus rau Nrab Hnub nyoog
Cov khoom cuav tau tshawb pom los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm ntawm cov kob ua rau nws muaj peev xwm taug qab lub neej ntawm ib tus neeg hauv cov chaw no los ntawm Neolithic era, uas yog, II-I txhiab xyoo BC. Pob zeb axes, ceramics, thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tau pom.
Thawj tus neeg nyob ntawm Slavic keeb kwm tau tshwm sim ntawm cov kob hauv xyoo pua 12th, thiab nyob rau xyoo pua 15th Khovra Toivutova, tus neeg sawv cev paub zoo ntawm tsev neeg Korelian, xa cov Islands tuaj rau lawv thaj chaw nuv ntses. Nov yog li cas keeb kwm qub ntawm Solovki tuaj yeem piav qhia luv luv.
Foundation ntawm lub monastery
Lub sijhawm tshiab hauv keeb kwm ntawm Solovki pib xyoo 1429 nrog kev tuaj txog ntawm tus hauj sam Savvaty ntawm no. Xya xyoo tom qab ntawd, muaj kev sib haum xeeb tau tshwm sim, thiab nyob rau xyoo 1460s peb lub Koom Txoos Orthodox tau txhim tsa. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov hauj sam tau nce nrawm dua.
Xyoo 1534, Fyodor Kolychev tuaj txog ntawm cov koog pov txwv, uas tom qab ntawd yuav dhau los ua lub tsev teev ntuj Solovetsky thiab yuav ua ntau yam rau nws txoj kev txhim kho. Hmoov tsis zoo, txij li 1554, Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Solovetsky tau pib siv los ua qhov chaw raug ntiab tawm mus rau qhov tsis xav tau. Ntawm lawv yog cov hauj sam thiab cov neeg raug kaw hauv nkuaj. Hauv 25 xyoo lub tsev loj cuj tshwm ntawm Solovki.
Los ntawm Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab mus rau xyoo pua 20th
Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb uas tsim tawm ntawm Solovetsky Islands nyob rau xyoo 17th - 18th yog txuam nrog lub tsev teev ntuj thiab nws cov neeg nyob. Ntawm cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb yog cov hauv qab no:
- 1637 - lub tsev teev ntuj tau tso siab nrog lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Dawb Huv;
- 1675-1676 - nto moo "Solovetsky uprising" tshwm sim;
- 1814 - "tshem riam phom" ntawm Solovetsky Monastery;
- Xyoo 1861 - cov tsheb thauj mus los tsis tu ncua tau tsim nrog cov kob.
Cov xwm txheej hloov pauv hauv tebchaws Russia tau hais rau ntawm Solovetsky Islands. Xyoo 1918, thawj qhov sib cais ntawm Red Army tau pom ntawm no; xyoo 1920, los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm pawg haujlwm, lub tsev teev ntuj tau raug tshem tawm. Nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw, muaj chaw pw hav zoov, uas cov neeg raug kaw raug kaw. Txij li xyoo 1923, nplooj ntawv tu siab tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov koog pov txwv pib. Nws tau cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim ntawm Solovetsky camp, qhov uas tib neeg raug ntiab tawm, tsis pom zoo rau tsoomfwv Soviet thiab tus kheej rau Stalin. Xyoo 1937, lub yeej rog dhau los ua tsev loj cuj, uas tsis hloov pauv nws txoj hauv kev.
Niaj hnub no, keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai tau qhib rau ntawm Solovki, qhov uas ntau txhiab tus neeg tuaj teev ntuj los ntawm ntau lub nroog thiab lub tebchaws tuaj txhua xyoo.
