Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography piav qhia thiab yees duab - Russia - North -West: Veliky Ustyug

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Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography piav qhia thiab yees duab - Russia - North -West: Veliky Ustyug
Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography piav qhia thiab yees duab - Russia - North -West: Veliky Ustyug

Video: Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography piav qhia thiab yees duab - Russia - North -West: Veliky Ustyug

Video: Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography piav qhia thiab yees duab - Russia - North -West: Veliky Ustyug
Video: nkauj ntseeg lub qhov tuag yuav loj ua luaj ntxawm yaj 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography
Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography

Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam

Thoob plaws xyoo 1986, tom qab ua tiav qee qhov haujlwm hauv lub tsev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj St. Nicholas nto moo, tau qhib kev nthuav qhia tsev cia puav pheej. Ib lub rooj nthuav tawm nyob rau sab saud ntawm lub tsev, thiab nthuav tawm txoj cai "Folk Art of the Ustyug Land" tau nthuav tawm rau hauv thawj chav. Niaj hnub no, lub tsev no yog Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography. Cov peev txheej muaj nyiaj ntau tshaj ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj muab lub sijhawm los pom txhua qhov ntau yam ntawm cov txuj ci pej xeem yug hauv thaj av Ustyug ntawm xyoo 17th thiab thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th, uas yog: cov qauv zoo nkauj zoo nkauj (heald, motley, xaiv, tsim txom), pob taws pob taws, paj ntaub, pleev xim thiab ntoo ntoo, xuas nrig ntaus thiab forging, ceramics.

Cov poj niam ua paj ntaub Ustyug muaj qhov txuj ci tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luam ntawm kev xaws, uas ib txwm muaj qhov txawv los ntawm qhov xim txaus txaus thiab kev nplua nuj ntawm cov paj ntoo. Lub xub pwg kerchiefs, aprons, tsho, phuam da dej, txoj siv sia tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov qauv tshwj xeeb ua nrog dawb, xov liab lossis ntau xim garus. Cov xim daj, xiav, ntshav, txiv kab ntxwv, zaub ntsuab thiab lub suab nrov tau muab cov ntaub ua kom pom kev zoo nkauj thiab hais tau zoo nkauj. Tus yam ntxwv geometric ntawm cov khoom ua kom zoo nkauj yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua tiav. Cov qauv tau ua los ntawm cov ntoo khaub lig, daim duab peb sab thiab rhombuses. Feem ntau, qhov sib xyaw ua ke suav nrog cov duab ntawm cov poj niam hluas lossis txiv neej, nees, noog, horsemen, uas tau ua tus yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm Veliky Ustyug. Tib neeg tau ntseeg ntev lawm tias txhua tus qauv coj tsuas yog qhov zoo hauv lawv tus kheej, uas pab tiv thaiv kev phem.

Cov paj ntaub zoo nkauj ntawm cov poj niam Ustyug, uas siv hauv lawv cov xim ua haujlwm thiab xim sib xyaw dawb, vestibule, ntoo khaub lig thiab saum, tau txawv los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb zoo nkauj. Hauv cov qauv kev ntxim nyiam ntawm qhov muaj nuj nqis thiab cov phuam da dej, muaj cov paj ntoo zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, nrog rau cov duab ntawm tsov txaij, noog, mos lwj thiab poj niam silhouettes.

Ntau txoj hauv kev los kho cov ntaub tuaj yeem pom hauv poj niam txoj kev hnav. Kev nthuav tawm nthuav qhia cov poj niam cov khaub ncaws hnav ua ke ntawm 19-20 ib-paus xyoo, uas tau khaws cia kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev hnav khaub ncaws, nrog rau qhov tshwj xeeb zoo nkauj ntawm qhov tseeb zoo nkauj uas muaj rau txhua tus poj niam lossis ntxhais. Qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws yog cov khaub ncaws hnav zoo nkauj, xaws los ntawm ib nrab paj ntaub thiab cov ntaub lo lo ntxhuav nrog cov khaub ncaws hnav ua ke nrog ntau cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, qhwv ntsej hlaws thiab caj dab thiab hauv siab. Lawv tau nquag siv: hnav khaub ncaws hluas nkauj, hnav khaub ncaws hnav, hnav khaub ncaws, hnav tsoos tsho dawb nrog paj tawg paj ua los ntawm kub, kokoshniks tau qhwv nrog nyiaj thiab xov kub, niam-ntawm-pearl tuag thiab ntau ntxiv.

Kev kos duab ntoo tseem tau nthuav dav hauv Veliky Ustyug. Cov tswv siv volumetric, champlevé, los ntawm kev txiav, tom qab pleev xim lossis pleev xim. Yuav luag txhua yam ntawm cov khoom nthuav tawm muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev xaws khaub ncaws, ua flax, xaws khaub ncaws - ruffles, tig lub log, hacks, cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub tshuab zeb. Liqueur thoob, thoob loj thiab duck ntsev kab tau txawv los ntawm kev sib haum xeeb zoo ntawm cov ntawv, ntxiv rau du du silhouette. Gingerbread boards, uas tau ua daim ntawv rau ci qhob cij, ua tim khawv rau kev txhim kho siab ntawm kev coj noj coj ua ntawm ntoo.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography muaj lub ces kaum tshwj xeeb rau sab hauv ntawm tsev pheeb suab ntaub. Tshaj tawm yog: lub log tig, cov hnub caiv nqes hav, menyuam txaj, hauv siab, laj kab, saib xyuas, cov txee rau khoom thiab nkag mus rau lub golbets - txhua yam dai kom zoo nkauj nrog paj pleev xim zoo nkauj, ua hauv daim ntawv txhuam thiab uas yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg nyob hauv tsev ntawm cov neeg ua teb. Kev nthuav tawm kuj muaj ntau yam khoom siv tais diav: krynki, lauj kaub, khob npias, cov hlab ntsha thiab ntau lub lauj kaub.

Txhua txoj haujlwm uas tau nthuav dav sawv cev hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography hais txog kev muaj nyiaj txiag hnyav ntawm Lavxias kev coj noj coj ua zoo, nrog rau kev txawj ntse tsis sib xws ntawm Veliky Ustyug masters.

Ntawm lwm yam, hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography koj tuaj yeem ua kev zoo siab xws li kev tshwm sim tseem ceeb xws li tshoob kos. Cov niam txiv tshiab yuav koom nrog hauv qhov kev ua si zoo kawg, uas ib txwm muaj nyob hauv txhua kab tshoob. Kev nthuav tawm ntawm lub tsev ntoo hauv kev ua tshoob zoo nkauj, tus neeg sib tw paub qab hau, hnav khaub ncaws Lavxias, dai kom zoo nkauj - txhua qhov no tos cov khub niam txiv uas txiav txim siab siv sijhawm tsis nco qab nyob hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ethnography.

Xyuas

| Txhua qhov tshuaj xyuas 5 Mikhail. 06.12.2015 20:40:41 TS

Ethnographic chaw pw. Xws li lub tsev khaws puav pheej zoo thiab tsim nyog rau kev kawm, tab sis ethno. Tsis muaj zeb. Kuv tuaj yeem pab, Kuv muaj nws muag ntawm. Hauv daim ntawv rov ua haujlwm thiab ua tiav, lub txaj los ntawm lub hauv paus, daim ntawv theej ntau dua 100 xyoo. Nyob hauv Nikolsk.

Duab

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