Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam
Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2, 1986, qhib lub tsev khaws puav pheej-chav tsev ntawm Yuri Pavlovich Spegalsky (1909-1969) tau tshwm sim hauv Pskov. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Xeev United Keeb Kwm, Architectural thiab Art Museum-Reserve ntawm lub nroog Pskov.
Yog Spegalsky yog tus kws tshawb fawb zoo ntawm Lavxias medieval architecture, tus kws kho vajtse-rov ua dua, tus kws kos duab. Nws tau pab nyiaj ntau rau keeb kwm ntawm kev txhim kho Lavxias kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev tshawb fawb. Hauv thawj xyoo nyuaj tom qab ua tsov rog, nws tau tswj hwm cov duab zoo ntawm keeb kwm ib feem ntawm lub nroog, tau tsim ua xyoo 1945-1947 txoj phiaj xwm rau thaj chaw muaj kev tiv thaiv (tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim vaj tsev), nrog rau thaj chaw tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim vaj tsev thiab kho kom zoo nkauj. Hauv cov xyoo ntawd, nws txoj haujlwm tau pab daws qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev koom nrog cov organic ntawm cov tsev keeb kwm hauv qhov nyuaj ntawm niaj hnub Pskov.
Xyoo 1968-1969, Spegalsky tau tsim txoj phiaj xwm mus sij hawm ntev rau kev rov kho dua thiab siv Pskov cov tsev tsim vaj tsev, uas yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho lub nroog monuments. Yuri Pavlovich tau txheeb xyuas, suav nrog thiab piav qhia 215 cov tsev pej xeem ua los ntawm cov pob zeb (cov ntaub ntawv - hauv Xeev Cov Ntaub Ntawv ntawm thaj av Pskov thiab hauv kev cob qhia kho lub nroog).
Lub tsev khaws ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm nyob hauv 4 chav, chav ua haujlwm thiab khaws cia cov peev nyiaj hauv tsev khaws khoom nyob hauv chav thib tsib. Hauv thawj chav - chav nkag - muaj kev nthuav qhia uas paub cov neeg tuaj ntsib nrog thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb thiab kws kos duab. Nov yog cov ntaub ntawv, duab thiab kos duab ntawm Yu. P. Spegalsky (1920s), tsim ua xim (gouache): "Pab pawg kws tshaj lij", "Mason Laus", "Mason Young" thiab lwm tus ntxiv rau hauv, koj tuaj yeem pom cov vaj huam sib luag zoo nkauj "Lub rooj sib tham ntawm Pskov masons thiab cov tub rog ntawm phab ntsa ntawm Cov ntawv tshawb fawb thiab phau ntawv nthuav tawm hauv kev nthuav tawm (1948-1968) ua tim khawv tias, txawm tias nyob deb ntawm Pskov, Spegalsky nyob thiab ua haujlwm rau nws. (1963), phau ntawv "Pskov" thiab "Stone architecture of Pskov" (1976), thiab kuj tseem muaj cov duab puab ntawm Spegalsky ua los ntawm Ya M. M. Bannikov.
Kev nthuav tawm ntawm chav thib ob nthuav tawm pom cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb ntawm Spegalsky los ntawm 1945-1947. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom tawg los ntawm nws txoj haujlwm rau kev npaj ntawm Pskov cov peev txheej tsim vaj tsev thiab cais cov cheeb tsam los ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm rov ua haujlwm nyuaj ntawm cov tsev tsim vaj tsev. Yog li, piv txwv li, ntawm no yog phiaj xwm rau kev rov tsim kho lub tsev tsim vaj tsev "Pechenko's House" hauv kev teeb tsa
(tus tsim tus txheej txheem yog RA Dushnik). Qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tsis txaus ntseeg yog Pskov cov nplais qhov cub, tau rov tsim los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb.
Hauv chav thib peb ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj Spegalsky lub chaw haujlwm. Cov qhua tuaj yeem paub txog cov xwm txheej nyob hauv uas Yuri Pavlovich nyob thiab ua haujlwm. Kev sau cov khoom qub raug nthuav tawm ntawm no. Piv txwv li, lub rooj ua haujlwm (xyoo pua 18th) nrog rau sab saum toj thiab hauv paus, tswm ciab thiab lub hauv siab (xyoo pua 17th) rau nws. Ib qho ntxiv, muaj tus kws kos duab lub tsev qiv ntawv, sau cov khoom uas suav nrog Dymkovo cov khoom ua si, Pskov whistles, thiab ntxiv rau, thiab nthuav tawm ntawm cov qauv xim thiab kos duab ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic.
Hauv chav plaub (chav nyob) muaj kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj thiab siv kos duab, uas tau tsim los ntawm Spegalsky nyob rau xyoo sib txawv hauv Leningrad. Ntawm no - thiab duab, thiab tha xim, thiab yas. Yuri Pavlovich ua haujlwm sib txawv. Nws lub peev xwm tau nthuav tawm hauv kev tsim cov khoom zoo nkauj thiab siv cov khoom ua los ntawm ntoo, ceramics, hlau, nws yog tus txawj ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua thiab cov kws pleev xim txhuam.
Cov cuab yeej cuab tam muaj tswv yim ntawm Yuri Pavlovich Spegalsky yog cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm kws kos duab thiab kws tshawb fawb, tshwj xeeb hauv nws cov organic txuas nrog cov pej xeem keeb kwm ntawm kev kos duab thiab kab lis kev cai.
