Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam
Flax thiab Birch Bark Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob hauv Kostroma, ntawm Tereshkova Street. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau teeb tsa thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 9, 2005. Ntawm no, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, cov khoom tsis sib xws tau sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv ib qho nkaus xwb - cov tawv ntoo thiab cov paj noob hlis. Tsev khaws puav pheej tau tsim los ntawm Natalia Pavlovna Zabavina, ib txwm nyob ntawm Kostroma. Niaj hnub no nws yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib tshaj plaws ntawm Kostroma.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws teremok tau nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov nyom ntsuab, lub paj paj zoo nkauj, tus kwj deg, txoj kab nkhaus uas txawv txawv uas zoo siab rau lub qhov muag ntawm cov qhua hauv tsev cia puav pheej.
Kev ncig xyuas Flax thiab Birch Bark Museum pib los ntawm Flax Hall. Ntawm no cov qhua ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tuaj yeem pom nrog lawv tus kheej lub qhov muag tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm cov quav nplej rau hauv cov khaub ncaws hnav. Cov paj noob hlis loj hlob, tig thiab xaws yog cov khoom qub ntawm cov pejxeem Kostroma. Theem ntawm kev weaving tau zoo heev tsim. Ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev sib tw xov thiab tsim cov hlua los ntawm lawv tau siv dav los kho khaub ncaws. Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm keeb kwm nthuav tawm hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej ua pov thawj rau qhov tseeb tias txij li xyoo pua 10 lawv tau xaws ntawm lub tshuab zeb ntsug.
Cov ntaub pua tsev yog cov khoom tseem ceeb siv rau xaws khaub ncaws. Uszinka thiab ntaub pua chaw tau siv rau txiv neej lub tsho, khaub ncaws thiab phuam da dej. Rau cov tsho sab nrauv, cov ntaub ntxhib tau siv - votola. Ib lub tsho linen tsim lub hauv paus ntawm poj niam cov khaub ncaws; nyob rau hnub so, lub tsho nplua nuj tau hnav nws, dai kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tes tsho thiab hem nrog ntau xim xim braid nrog cov qauv tiv thaiv.
Hauv chav flax, tsis yog phau ntawv nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem tsim cov khoom tsim los ntawm lub Hoobkas no tsis muaj kev saib xyuas. Nws tau tsim tshwj xeeb hauv Kostroma nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 "Mikhinskaya", "Zotovskaya", "Kashinskaya" - qhov no yog li cas cov neeg Kostroma hu xov tooj rau cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub no txog niaj hnub no, uas nyob hauv cov tsev tsim nyob rau thaum xyoo 19th - thaum ntxov 20th caug xyoo. Thawj lub tshuab flax-spinning tau tsim los ntawm Moscow cov tub lag luam A. A. thiab K. A. Zotovs xyoo 1859. Lub Hoobkas tsim cov ntaub dawb thiab hnyav, kolomenka, ravnduk, matting, ntaub ntaub, ntaub so ntswg, phuam da dej, phuam da dej, ntaub ntaub ntaub thiab lwm yam.
Cov khaub ncaws yog thaj chaw nthuav dav ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog haiv neeg, nthuav dav sawv cev hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Kev nthuav qhia nthuav tawm ntau hom sundresses; hinged kosoklinny, lag ntseg kosoklinny, puag ncig vat thiab pestryadinny, txhob lo lo ntxhuav sundresses nrog shugai, ntxiv rau poj niam lub tsho thiab lub tes tsho. Headdresses yog nthuav nthuav ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej.
Hauv cov ntoo ntoo ntoo, cov neeg tuaj saib feem ntau nyiam los ntawm cov cim los ntawm Lavxias lus dab neeg, uas tau ua los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem ntawm weaving los ntawm cov ntoo tawv ntoo. Phau ntawv qhia pib nws zaj dab neeg nrog cov lus piav qhia txog kev coj ua ntawm cov khoom qub los ntawm cov tawv ntoo: cov pob tawb, pistons, pestles, duav, sau hauv kev tshawb fawb haiv neeg nyob ib puag ncig Kostroma.
Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo ntoo tau nthuav tawm ntawm no. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los tsim khoom yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm daim tawv ntoo ntoo. Qee qhov tuaj yeem ua tau raug cai hauv hav zoov - tawv ntoo tawv ntoo, pob tw, diav. Ua tib yam tues, xav tau, cov thawv xav tau kev paub tshwj xeeb thiab qee yam txuj ci. Wickerwork nyob rau qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntoo tawv ntoo. Lawv tau tsim los ntawm cov kab xev tawv ntoo, uas tau txiav los ntawm txheej txheej ntawm cov ntoo ntoo ntoo lossis tshem tawm los ntawm cov ntoo hauv ib txoj hlua.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov khoom qub, chav no nthuav qhia ua haujlwm los ntawm cov ntoo ntoo los ntawm cov tswv niaj hnub uas txuas ntxiv kev coj ua ntawm cov khoom qub: A. Yu. Gavrikov, NP Zabavina, G. N. Semenova, V. P. Dyrmovsky. thiab lwm tus.
Hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm cov paj noob hlis thiab cov ntoo tawv ntoo, txhua tus tuaj yeem kawm ua tus tswv chav kawm txog kev ua cov ntoo tawv ntoo ua khoom plig nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes, qhov twg koj tuaj yeem kawm paub yuav ua li cas ua haujlwm nrog cov ntoo tawv ntoo thiab ua khoom plig nco nrog lub cim ntawm Kostroma. Lwm qhov kev cob qhia yog mob siab rau ua cov menyuam roj hmab amulet thiab xaws.
Cov neeg tuaj saib hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej tseem tuaj yeem yuav khoom plig khoom plig ua los ntawm flax lossis birch bark ua khoom plig, qhov uas muaj ntau yam khoom nthuav tawm tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog tus kws sau tshwj xeeb tus tha xim thiab embossing tues, lub khob cij, lub thawv, khoom ua si, amulets thiab ntau ntxiv. Ntau yam khoom hauv chav haujlwm no tau ua hauv lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj lub rooj cob qhia.
Ib lub tsev cais ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog kev nthuav tawm thiab muag khoom ntawm cov ntaub linen niaj hnub no. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom thiab yuav txhua yam uas niaj hnub "linen" Kostroma nplua nuj nyob hauv: ntaub so ntswg thiab ntaub pua chaw, phuam da dej thiab ntaub pua chaw, sundresses thiab hnav khaub ncaws, tsho tsho rau pej xeem, xaws thiab xaws txiv neej, poj niam thiab menyuam cov khaub ncaws.
