Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam
Valdai Upland, qee zaum tsuas yog Valdai, nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Lavxias Plain, nyob hauv Novgorod, Tver, Smolensk thiab ib nrab ntawm cheeb tsam Leningrad thiab Pskov. Nws qhov ntev yog ntau dua 600 km, qhov siab yog 150-250 m, qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 346, 9 m. Valdai yog qhov nrov heev ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws. Muaj 2 lub tiaj ua si hauv tebchaws no: Valdai thiab Sebezhsky thiab 2 qhov tshwj tseg: Rdeysky thiab Polistovsky.
Megorskaya thiab Tikhvin Ridge, Vepsovskaya Upland thiab lwm qhov feem ntau suav tias yog ib feem ntawm Valdai Upland. Vepsian Upland feem ntau hu ua Veppskoy Upland. Nws qhov siab nce mus txog 304 m. Qhov kev pab yog roob-moraine, muaj ntau lub pas dej. Cov dej loj ntawm Vepsovskaya Upland suav nrog Shoksha, Oyat, Kapshu, Pasha, Tutoka thiab Yavosma.
Ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm Valdai Upland, cov txaj (marls, pob zeb limestones, av nplaum) dag, uas ua rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob tis ntawm Moscow syneclise. Cov pob zeb tau sib tshooj los ntawm cov dej-glacial thiab cov dej khov.
Sab qaum teb hnub poob nqes hav ntawm Valdai Upland yog qhov ntxhab thiab hu ua Valdai-Onega txoj phuam, txoj kev nqes hav sab qab teb hnub tuaj yog maj. Qhov kev pab yog moraine, toj roob hauv pes. Lub tiaj ua si muaj ntau lub pas dej: Lake Seliger, Upper Volga lakes (Vselug, Peno, Volgo) thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog tus yam ntxwv muaj zog swampiness.
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm toj, los ntawm txoj kev, ntawm tag nrho Lavxias Plain, feem ntau hu ua Makushka ntawm Valdai. Nws qhov siab yog 346.9 m. Nws khiav mus rau saum cov dej ntawm 2 hiav txwv: Caspian thiab Baltic thiab nyob hauv Vyshnevolotsk koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cheeb tsam Tver, 1 km ntawm ciam teb nrog Firovsky koog tsev kawm ntawv thiab 4 km ntawm ciam teb nrog Kuvshinovsky. Qhov chaw nyob ze tshaj plaws yog lub zos Pochinok, Firovsky koog tsev kawm ntawv, nyob 2.5 km ntawm qhov ua siab tshaj.
Nyob rau thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm Valdai Upland tau tsim los ntawm 343 m. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau nthuav tawm hauv TSB, Soviet thaj chaw duab qhia chaw thiab phau ntawv qhia rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv.
Tom qab ntawd qee lub sijhawm nws tau ntseeg tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm Valdai yog 346.5 m siab dua qib hiav txwv, qhov chaw geodetic nyob. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej txog leej twg thiab xyoo twg nws tau tsim tsis tau khaws cia, tab sis, raws li cov neeg nyob hauv nroog, nws tau teeb tsa xyoo 1939 los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij German. Nws tau tshawb pom xyoo 1997 los ntawm V. A. Spansky. Lub ntsiab lus no tshwm nyob rau niaj hnub thaj chaw atlases thiab daim duab qhia chaw.
Xyoo 1997-2001, ib pawg menyuam kawm ntawv los ntawm Yessenovichi lub tsev kawm ntawv, nrog rau tus kws qhia ntawv N. A. Bragin tau tshawb fawb ua haujlwm, raws li cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias lub ntsiab lus nrog qhov siab ntawm 346.5 m, ntawm qhov chaw geodetic nyob, tsis yog qhov siab tshaj. Lawv pom tias sab saum toj ntawm Valdai Upland nyob ntawm 60 m los ntawm thaj chaw geopoint, thiab nws qhov siab yog 346.9 m siab dua saum hiav txwv. Ib tus ntawm cov neeg koom nrog txoj kev kawm, yav dhau los cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv S. Ivanov, tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm nws txoj haujlwm ntawm All-Russian Olympiad.
Dej ntws ntawm tus dej Volga thiab Hiav Txwv Baltic khiav raws Valdai Upland. Cov dej ntws los ntawm Valdai: Volga, Dnieper, Western Dvina, Msta, Lovat, Pola, Mologa, Syas, Tvertsa thiab lwm yam.
Ib puag ncig ntuj ntawm Valdai yog sawv cev los ntawm taiga-deciduous hav zoov, nyob rau hauv uas ntoo thuv, spruce, roob tshauv, aspen, birch, thiab ntoo qhib tuaj yeem pom. Ntxiv mus, coniferous ntoo predominate, thiab nyob rau sab qab teb - sib xyaw. Qhov xwm txheej yog nyob hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm Central Forest Reserve thiab Valdai National Park.
Cov ntug dej zoo nkauj ntawm cov dej thiab pas dej tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog cov dej hauv dej, suav nrog lub npe nrov "Upper Volga ncig lub ntiaj teb".
Xyuas
| Txhua qhov tshuaj xyuas 0 Mikhail 2014-25-01 14:58:21
Qhov siab tshaj ntawm Valdai Upland Kuv xav paub qhov chaw nyob sib xws thiab yog tias ua tau, txoj hauv kev mus rau qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm Valdai Upland.
