Kev piav qhia Metrological Museum thiab duab - Russia - St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg

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Kev piav qhia Metrological Museum thiab duab - Russia - St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg
Kev piav qhia Metrological Museum thiab duab - Russia - St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg

Video: Kev piav qhia Metrological Museum thiab duab - Russia - St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg

Video: Kev piav qhia Metrological Museum thiab duab - Russia - St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg
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Metrological Tsev khaws puav pheej
Metrological Tsev khaws puav pheej

Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam

Tsev khaws puav pheej Metrological, qhov tseeb dua, Tsev khaws puav pheej Metrological ntawm Lub Xeev Txuj Ci ntawm Russia ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Hauv Lavxias (VNIIM) muaj npe tom qab D. I. Mendeleev, nyob hauv St. Petersburg. Hom tsev khaws puav pheej no tsuas yog ib qho nyob hauv Russia. Hauv qhov kev nthuav qhia koj tuaj yeem pom cov kev ntsuas piv txwv qub, nplai thiab lwm yam cuab yeej ntsuas uas qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm kev ntsuas hauv peb thiab lwm lub tebchaws. Kev sau yog sawv cev los ntawm Lavxias phaus thiab spools, thoob thiab plaub, arshins thiab fathoms, Western European phaus thiab taw, Suav Lians, Egyptian rotles, American pints thiab gallons.

Kev tsim thiab txhim kho Tsev khaws puav pheej Metrological tau cuam tshuam nrog keeb kwm ntawm kev tshwm sim thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov qauv hauv paus ntawm Russia thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm 1st Lub Xeev Metrological thiab Calibration Institution ntawm peb lub tebchaws, Lub Tsev Depot ntawm Qhov hnyav thiab ntsuas - Qhov tseem ceeb Chamber of Weights and Measures - VNIIM muaj npe tom qab DI Mendeleev.

Xyoo 1829 E. F. Kankrin (Minister of Finance of Russia) tau tsim "Kev sau ua piv txwv ntsuas ntawm lub xeev txawv teb chaws tseem ceeb." Qhov xav tau rau lub rooj sib tham no tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem kev tshawb fawb raws lub tebchaws. Xyoo 1842, tom qab sib piv kev ntsuas txawv teb chaws los ntawm 27 lub tebchaws thiab nroog hauv ntiaj teb nrog cov qauv Lavxias, lawv tau hloov pauv rau kev khaws cia ntawm Lub Tsev Depot ntawm Tus Qauv hnyav thiab ntsuas, uas nyob hauv Peter thiab Paul Fortress. Thawj tus kws tshawb fawb-tus saib xyuas ntawm Depot, kws tshawb fawb A. Ya. Kupfer tau thov kom xa cov kev ntsuas txawv teb chaws mus rau hauv kev sau los ntawm txhua tus tuaj yeem qiv cov ntaub ntawv uas lawv xav tau. Nov yog li cas Tsev khaws puav pheej Metrological tau los ua.

Xyoo 1880, Lub Tsev Depot tau hloov mus rau lub tsev tshiab ntawm Zabalkansky Avenue (tam sim no Moskovsky Avenue). Thawj lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj, ua tib zoo khaws cia los ntawm Xibfwb V. S. Glukhov - tus kws tshawb fawb zaum thib ob ntawm tus Depot.

Xyoo 1892, Lub Tsev Depot ntawm Qhov hnyav thiab Kev Ntsuas tau coj los ntawm D. I. Mendeleev. Hauv qab nws, Lub Tsev Depot tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv Lub Tsev Loj ntawm Qhov hnyav thiab Ntsuas. Tus kws tshawb fawb tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev khaws cia thiab siv cov metrological monuments. Ntawm nws qhov kev pib ua, cov nplai qub thiab ntsuas los ntawm Academy of Sciences, Mint, Military Topographic Depot tau xa mus rau lub tsev cia puav pheej, nrog rau dummies thiab cov qauv ntawm ntau yam ntsuas ntsuas.

Xyoo 1926, lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj npe tom qab D. I. Mendeleev. Kev kawm yav dhau los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb tau pauv mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Ntxiv rau kev sau cov qauv qub ntawm kev ntsuas thiab ntsuas cov cuab yeej, lub tsev khaws puav pheej cov peev nyiaj suav nrog nws cov khoom ntiag tug, cov twj paj nruag, ntawv sau, ntawv sau, duab. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej qhib thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1928.

Thawj tus saib xyuas ntawm Mendeleev Tsev khaws puav pheej yog M. N. Menyuam. Kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog qhov zoo. Zaj dab neeg ci ntsa iab ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntxiv rau kev nthuav tawm. Xyoo 1929 Mladentsev suav sau thiab luam tawm Kuv "Index ntawm Mendeleev Tsev khaws puav pheej", uas muab cov ncauj lus ntxaws txog nws sau.

Thaum Tsov Rog Loj Patriotic, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tsis ua haujlwm. Cov khoom pov thawj muaj txiaj ntsig thiab lub xeev cov qauv raug tshem tawm mus rau Sverdlovsk. Thaum pib ua tsov rog Menyuam tuag. Xyoo 1945, pib kho dua tshiab ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej nthuav tawm. Qhov no tau ua tiav los ntawm A. V. Skvortsov yog nws lub taub hau II thiab yav tas los tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Mendeleev. Thaum pib xyoo 1946, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau rov qhib dua. Ntxiv nrog rau kev mus ncig ua si, Skvortsov txuas ntxiv kev ua haujlwm, ua rau kom muaj peev nyiaj ntau ntxiv hauv tsev cia puav pheej.

Xyoo 1961-1964 lub tsev khaws puav pheej raug kaw. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom pov thawj, suav nrog Mendeleev tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv, tau xa mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej-chav tsev ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm Leningrad State University. Feem ntau ntawm cov cuab yeej ntsuas thiab ntsuas tau xaus rau hauv VNIIM lub chaw soj nstuam.

Xyoo 1964, kev nthuav tawm hauv Mendeleev txoj kev kawm tau rov qab los ntawm cov khoom pov thawj ntawm VNIIM. Txij xyoo no mus txog thaum pib xyoo 1980, lub tsev khaws puav pheej hu ua Txee-Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm D. I. Mendeleev.

Xyoo 1984, uas yog hnub 150th hnub yug ntawm D. I. Mendeleev, nthuav tawm tau qhib hauv nws 3 chav ntiag tug. Tsev khaws puav pheej tau txais txiaj ntsig raws li Gosstandart Metrological Museum.

Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Metrological nyiam tsis yog tsuas yog kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm ntawm kev tshawb fawb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov kws tshaj lij thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws muaj nyob hauv Lavxias thiab thoob ntiaj teb cov phau ntawv siv. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev kawm rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm cov tsev kawm qib siab thiab qib siab, kev qhia paub txog kev qhia paub ntau yam ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb, uas nws txoj haujlwm kev kawm suav nrog cov chav kawm ntawm cov hauv paus ntawm kev ntsuas thiab ntsuas tus qauv.

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