Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam
Venden Tsev fuabtais yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws khaws cia ntawm lwm qhov kev txiav txim nruab nrab medieval castles ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Latvia. Nws nyob hauv plawv nroog ntawm Cesis, uas tau poob qis hauv keeb kwm raws li lub npe German Wenden. Wenden tau tsim tsa me ntsis tom qab lub tsev fuabtais ntawm tib lub npe, tej zaum los ntawm Vendians (lossis Wends), raws li lub npe qhia. Lub tsev fuabtais tau tsim nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov ntoo fortress ntawm cov neeg no.
Tsev fuabtais Wenden tau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tseem ceeb. Kev lag luam pauv mus rau Pskov, Dorpat thiab Lithuania sib sau ua ke ntawm no. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm txoj kev tiv thaiv kab ke Gauja, tiv thaiv thaj av hauv Estonia thiab sab qaum teb Latvia.
Xyoo 1206, cov tub rog ntawm Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Swordsmen, nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm Master Venno (Vinno) von Rohrbach, tau pib tsim lub tsev fuabtais zeb. Kev tsim kho tau ua tiav hauv 3 xyoos. Xyoo pib ntawm kev tsim lub tsev fuabtais raug suav hais tias yog xyoo ntawm kev tsim lub nroog Cesis.
Tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Xa -u nyob rau xyoo 1236, ib feem ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Swordsmen tau nkag mus rau Teutonic Order thiab tsim Livonian Order raws li kev tawm tsam ntawm Teutonic Order.
Txij thaum pib ntawm 1237, tau ntau xyoo, Venden Castle yog qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus Xib Hwb ntawm Livonian Order, tab sis nrog qee qhov cuam tshuam, txij li kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm lub sijhawm nyob hauv Riga. Los ntawm qhov pom thawj ntawm lub tsev fuabtais, qhov seem ntawm ib lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tsev fuabtais thiab ib feem ntawm cov qauv vaj tsev ua los ntawm cov pob zeb dawb ntawm hom Romanesque lig tau raug khaws cia. Feem ntau, kwv yees li 30 tus neeg nyob hauv lub tsev fuabtais. Lawv tsev neeg thiab tub rog tuaj nyob ze.
Lub tsev fuabtais tau rov tsim dua nyob rau tiam lig 14th - thaum ntxov 15th caug xyoo. Los ntawm nws muaj txoj sia nyob ob lub tsev, txuas nrog ntawm kaum sab xis, nyob rau sab qab teb hnub poob thiab sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, thiab ob theem ntawm lub ntsiab pej thuam sab hnub poob. Tsis deb ntawm nws yog qhov nkag mus rau hauv lub tshav puam, nrog rau cov khoom tawg ntawm sab nrauv cov duab kos. Cov phab ntsa tau ua los ntawm cov limestone thiab pob zeb. Thaj, lub qhov rais hauv lub tsev fuabtais tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov pob zeb dawb.
Qhov kawg ntawm lub 15th - pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, thaum tus tswv Walter von Pletenberg txiav txim, ob lub tsev yees rau cov phom loj nrog phab ntsa ntau dua plaub metres tuab tau tsim, thiab tau sib koom ua ke ntawm forburgs.
Lub tsev fuabtais Wenden tau hla ntau qhov kev foob thiab tiv thaiv ntau qhov kev tiv thaiv. Xyoo 1577, cov tub rog ntawm Ivan qhov txaus ntshai yuav luag rhuav tshem nws. Thiab xyoo 1748 lub tsev fuabtais tau hlawv thaum lub nroog hluav taws. Xyoo 1777, Baron Sievers tsev neeg tau yuav thaj av thiab txhim kho lub tsev fuabtais, hloov nws mus rau hauv Gothic palace. Tom qab kev ywj pheej ntawm Latvia, Venden Castle tau rov qab los.
Tam sim no, txoj haujlwm tseem tab tom txhim kho Vendens Castle hauv Cesis. Lub pej thuam sab hnub poob, uas yog tus tswv lub tsev, nyob zoo. Ntauwd Lademaer, kev tsim tawm sab nrauv thiab ntauwd sab hnub tuaj zoo. Nws muaj cov refectory - nco, uas cov tub rog noj hmo.
Rau kev taug kev ncig lub tsev fuabtais, cov neeg ncig tebchaws tau muab lub teeb nyem, thiab qhov uas txaus nyiam heev - lub kaus mom hlau nruab nrab nruab nrab txhawm rau muab qhov tshwj xeeb tsw thiab txhawm rau tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm cua tshuab hauv txoj kev tsaus ntuj tiv thaiv jambs thiab ntawm cov nqaim kauv staircases. Hauv qab daus yog lub tsev fuabtais lub tsev kaw neeg, uas tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas tau.
Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias tus kws sau A. Bestuzhev -Marlinsky, tus Decembrist, tau tsim cov ntawv tshiab txog Wenden Castle thiab nws tus tswv siab - "Wenden Castle. Ib qho kev txiav tawm los ntawm phau ntawv teev npe ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas tub ceev xwm. Tsib Hlis 23, 1821 "(qhov no yog ib ntawm nws plaub" Livonian cov dab neeg ").
Venden Castle hauv Cesis yog qhov tshwj xeeb nyiam, vim nws yog lub tsev fuabtais loj tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm Latvia.
