Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam
Lub fortress hauv nroog Niš muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los: thawj qhov kev tsim kho ntawm qhov chaw no yog Roman kastrum thaum ub - kev sib hais haum nyob hauv daim ntawv ua tub rog. Hauv nruab nrab ntawm xyoo pua II, lub pob zeb tiv thaiv twb tau sawv ntawm no, uas nyob rau xyoo tom ntej yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm Byzantium, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev tua ntawm pab pawg Slavic. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov chaw ruaj khov no tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov Slavs, uas tau ntes nws thaum pib ntawm xyoo pua 7.
Tom qab XI xyoo pua, lub fortress tau hloov nws cov tswv ntau dua ib zaug - Byzantines, Serbs thiab Bulgarians los ua lawv. Nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm xyoo pua 14th, Niš tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Serbia, thiab nws lub fortress, tseem lees paub tias yog cov qauv tiv thaiv tseem ceeb, tau ntxiv dag zog ntau ntxiv.
Hauv XIV-XV ib-paus xyoo, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Serbs thiab Turks tau tshwm sim nyob ze ntawm lub chaw tiv thaiv, thiab thaj chaw tawm ntawm ib txhais tes mus rau lwm qhov. Lub fortress yog nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm Turks kom txog rau thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th thiab tuaj txog ntawm Austrians, tom qab ntawd thaum pib ntawm ib puas xyoo tom ntej kev tiv thaiv tau rov qab los ntawm Turks, uas tau koom nrog hauv kev rov tsim kho thiab ntxiv dag zog rau nws txoj kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm.
Qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, Niš tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Serbia dua; lub fortress txuas ntxiv ua tub rog lub hom phiaj kom txog thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Xyoo 1950, lub tsev tau txais cov xwm txheej keeb kwm keeb kwm thiab dhau los ua lub nroog nyiam los ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig.
Thaum tshuaj xyuas nws, nws yog qhov tsim nyog them sai sai rau qhov sib thooj ntawm cov tawg los ntawm ntau lub sijhawm - Roman thaum ub, Byzantine, nruab nrab, lub sijhawm ntawm txoj cai Ottoman.
Lub fortress sawv ntawm ntug dej ntawm Nishava River, muaj qib zoo ntawm kev khaws cia thiab suav tias yog ib qho chaw tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws hauv Central Balkans. Nws nyob ib puag ncig ntawm phab ntsa, uas yog yim metres siab thiab peb meters dav. Muaj plaub lub qhov rooj nkag nkag mus raws ib puag ncig. Lub nroog tau raug khaws cia ib nrab. Lub ntsiab nkag mus rau lub fortress yog Istanbul Gate. Lub fortress npog thaj tsam ntau dua nees nkaum hectares; ntawm nws thaj chaw muaj chaw ua si, mosque, tsev loj cuj, lub tsev tso hmoov, ib lub tsev teev ntuj qub nrog rau chav kos duab sab hauv, hamam thiab lwm lub tsev.
