- keeb kwm ntawm hnub so
- Kev npaj rau Xyoo Tshiab hauv Russia
- Ntoo Christmas
- Rooj noj mov
- Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm hnub so
- Xyoo tshiab kev lig kev cai
Hauv tebchaws Russia, Xyoo Tshiab yog hnub so nyiam rau feem ntau ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws. Tsis hnov ntxhiab ntawm tangerines thiab ntoo thuv koob, Olivier zaub xam lav, khoom plig hauv qab tsob ntoo Christmas, chiming ntawm Moscow chimes, kev ua koob tsheej loj - txhua qhov no cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg Lavxias nrog cov xov hlau ntawm lub xyoo qub thiab kev sib tham ntawm qhov tshiab.
keeb kwm ntawm hnub so
Kev ua koob tsheej tau pib ua kev zoo siab rov qab rau xyoo 1700, thaum Peter Kuv tau teem sijhawm hnub so rau lub Ib Hlis 1. Rau xya hnub, cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws Russia tau so haujlwm nrog lawv tsev neeg. Cov ntoo ntoo zoo nkauj tau teeb tsa ua ntej ntawm lub tsev, thiab cov foob pob hluav taws tau npaj rau ntawm lub xwmfab tseem ceeb ntawm lub tebchaws. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub ntawd, nws yog qhov pom kev uas cuam tshuam rau kev xav.
Thaum lub sijhawm USSR, Xyoo Tshiab tau txais cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab lub cim tshwj xeeb. Yog li, cov dab neeg zoo nkauj Santa Claus thiab Snow Maiden tau dhau los ua ib tus qhua ntawm kev ua koob tsheej. Cov hnub so tau nce ntxiv thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1948. Cov kev hloov pauv hauv qab no hauv daim ntawv qhia hnub tsuas yog tshwm sim xyoo 1993, thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2 kuj tau tshaj tawm tias tsis yog hnub ua haujlwm. Hauv xyoo 2013, lub tebchaws txoj cai txiav txim siab txuas ntxiv cov hnub so mus txog Lub Ib Hlis 8.
Kev npaj rau Xyoo Tshiab hauv Russia
Txhua tus neeg Lavxias siv zog ua txhua yam ua ntej ua hnub so ua tiav thiab lom zem. Raws li txoj cai, theem kev npaj muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- tu tsev thiab kho kom zoo nkauj chav;
- yuav khoom noj khoom haus thiab lwm yam khoom Xyoo Tshiab;
- yuav khoom plig rau cov txheeb ze thiab phooj ywg;
- sau tsab ntawv sau tsis raug, suav nrog kev sib tw nthuav.
Ua ntej Xyoo Tshiab, ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb ntawm kev nyob sib haum xeeb thiab kev sov siab nyob hauv cov tsev ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Russia, uas lawv sim ua kom muaj nyob thoob plaws hnub so.
Ntoo Christmas
Tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb ntawm hnub so, tau kawg, yog spruce. Niaj hnub no tsob ntoo no tuaj yeem pom tsis tau tsuas yog hauv chav tsev ntawm txhua tus neeg Lavxias, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv txoj kev hauv nruab nrab, ntxiv rau hauv lub nroog ib puag ncig. Cov kev cai uas ua rau tsob ntoo fir yog lub cim ntawm Xyoo Tshiab hauv Russia rov qab mus rau xyoo 1818. Qhov tseeb yog tias tom qab kev tuag ntawm Peter I, kev lig kev cai ntawm kev cog ntoo spruce tsis muaj hauv paus. Tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm Prussian ntxhais fuabtais Charlotte (tus poj niam ntawm Nicholas I), cov ntoo tshiab tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm hnub so. Ua ntej, tsob ntoo Christmas tau teeb tsa hauv Imperial Palace ntawm Moscow, thiab xyoo tom ntej qhov kev zoo nkauj tuaj yeem pom hauv St. Petersburg.
Raws li lwm tsab ntawv, thawj tsob ntoo Christmas pib kho kom zoo nkauj hauv Russia los ntawm Russified Germans uas nyob txog 200 xyoo dhau los hauv lub tebchaws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog kev coj ua kom zoo nkauj spruce nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab khoom qab zib. Tom qab ntawd, cov neeg Lavxias tau lees paub European kev coj ua ntawm kev dai ntoo nrog iav cov khoom ua si pleev xim nrog cov khoom qub thiab dai cov paj ntaub zoo nkauj dai rau nws.
Thawj qhov kev ua koob tsheej Xyoo Tshiab rau pej xeem, qhov chaw uas yog tsob ntoo, tau tshwm sim xyoo 1852 hauv thaj chaw dav ntawm Yekateringofsky chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau. Yav tom ntej, tsis yog Xyoo Tshiab Tshiab hauv Russia tau ua tiav yam tsis muaj tsob ntoo siab hlub, qhov uas cov menyuam los ntawm cov tsev neeg txom nyem tuaj yeem tau txais khoom plig.
Rooj noj mov
Cov neeg Lavxias lub Xyoo Tshiab lub rooj yog qhov txawv los ntawm ntau yam tais diav thiab khoom noj txom ncauj. Cov zaub mov festive feem ntau suav nrog:
- zaub xam lav "Herring hauv qab lub tsho loj", "Olivier", "Vinaigrette", thiab lwm yam;
- ci goose los yog os stuffed nrog apples, buckwheat thiab nceb;
- nqaij thiab ntses txiav;
- ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib txawv;
- cov tais diav ntawm zaub thiab cereals;
- qhaub cij nrog caviar liab los yog sprats;
- casseroles;
- khoom qab zib;
- champagne los yog cawv.
Xyoo Tshiab Hmo noj hmo pib thaum txog yim teev thaum yav tsaus ntuj, txij li thaum koj yuav tsum xub siv lub xyoo qub, thiab tom qab ntawd pib ua kev zoo siab rau xyoo tshiab. Feem ntau, tom qab kev ua koob tsheej ntau, muaj cov zaub mov tseem ceeb nyob, uas tau noj ntau hnub ntxiv.
Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm hnub so
Tsis muaj ib xyoos Lavxias tshiab tuaj yeem xav txog yam tsis muaj Santa Claus thiab Snow Maiden. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus paub txog keeb kwm ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm cov cim no. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias kom txog thaum lub sijhawm Soviet, Santa Claus tsis yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua siab zoo, kev ncaj ncees thiab kev txawj ntse. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias hauv lub siab ntawm cov neeg Lavxias uas nyob hauv Peter lub Great lub sijhawm, lub teb chaws tseem ceeb Xyoo Tshiab yawg tau cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb nrog tus ntsuj plig ntawm Studenets txias. Cov duab ntawm tus txiv neej laus tawv, tuaj yeem khov txhua yam nyob ib puag ncig, tuaj ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Slavic cov dab neeg thiab tau khov kho hauv keeb kwm raws li tus phab ej tsis zoo.
Tom qab ntawd, qhov xwm txheej tau hloov pauv thiab Santa Claus tau txais nws cov yam ntxwv niaj hnub no, tseem tshuav ib nrab ntawm cov qauv ntawm Studenets. Qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm qhov pom ntawm yawg thiab nws hnav khaub ncaws. Txhua tus menyuam Lavxias paub tias koj tuaj yeem sau ntawv mus rau Santa Claus thiab txawm tuaj rau ntawm ib qho ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob thiab ntsib tus kheej.
Snow Maiden tau suav hais tias yog tus khub nyob mus ib txhis ntawm Xyoo Tshiab tus txawj ua yees siv, uas nws cov duab tau tshwm sim thawj zaug hauv kev ua si los ntawm Alexander Ostrovsky. Raws li cov phiaj xwm, Snow Maiden, ua los ntawm daus, yog tus ntxhais ntawm tus ntsuj plig ntawm Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav thiab Frost. Maj mam, tus heroine ntawm Snow Maiden tau ua qhov piv txwv tiag tiag thiab pib tshwm rau pej xeem nrog Santa Claus.
Xyoo tshiab kev lig kev cai
Hnub so yog nyob hauv ntau yam cim, kev ntseeg thiab kev ua yeeb yam. Ntawm qhov feem ntau:
- Christmas ntoo kho kom zoo nkauj. Rau cov neeg Lavxias, txheej txheem ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj tsob ntoo Xyoo Tshiab yog zoo ib yam li kev coj ua. Cov khoom ua si tau muab los ntawm cov khoom ua ntej, qee yam uas yuav tau txais los ntawm tiam neeg dhau los. Cov menyuam yaus txiav cov paj ntoo los ntawm cov ntawv thiab dai lawv ntawm cov ceg ntoo. Lub hnub qub lossis tsuas yog cov khoom ua si qub tau muab tso rau saum cov ntoo.
- Saib koj cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab TV program uas koj nyiam. Txhua Xyoo Tshiab hnub so hauv TV yog cov yeeb yaj kiab qub qub thiab kev hais kwv txhiaj nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov pab pawg zoo tshaj hauv lub tebchaws. Kev lig kev cai, ua ntej lub suab nrov, tus hais lus tsib feeb los ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub tebchaws tau tshaj tawm hauv TV, uas qee tus neeg Lavxias tau mloog zoo, thiab feem ntau tsuas yog kaw lub suab.
- Ua ntej hnub so, cov neeg Lavxias sim them lawv cov nuj nqis, txhim kho kev sib raug zoo nrog tsev neeg thiab cov phooj ywg, thiab nyob zoo. Qhov no tseem ceeb, txij li cov neeg hauv lub tebchaws ntseeg tias thaum koj ua kev zoo siab Xyoo Tshiab, koj yuav siv nws.
- Nrog thawj qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm lub suab nrov, ib tus yuav tsum ua qhov xav tau, sau sai sai rau ntawm ib daim ntawv me me, hlawv nws thiab pov cov tshauv rau hauv khob iav champagne. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum haus cov dej haus kom txog thaum kawg tshuab. Yog tias koj tau ua txhua yam kom raug, koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias koj lub phiaj xwm yuav muaj tseeb nyob rau xyoo tom ntej.
