Desert Tsaidam

Cov txheej txheem:

Desert Tsaidam
Desert Tsaidam

Video: Desert Tsaidam

Video: Desert Tsaidam
Video: 柴达木盆地(Tsaidam Basin) 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim
duab: Tsaidam Desert ntawm daim duab qhia chaw
duab: Tsaidam Desert ntawm daim duab qhia chaw
  • Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Tsaidam Desert
  • Tsaidam Desert Climate
  • Flora ntawm Tsaidam Phiab

Qhov txaus siab, Tsaidam Desert tiag tiag yog thaj chaw ntawm Cov Neeg Sawv Cev ntawm Tuam Tshoj, tab sis nws lub npe yuav tsum tau txhais los ntawm lus Mongolian. Txhais lus, "Tsaidam" txhais tau tias yog thaj tsam ntsev ntsev. Muaj lwm lub npe nyob hauv qab uas cov suab puam no tseem raug zais, qhov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog Tsaidam Plain thiab Tsaidam Phiab.

Txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub npe laus yog ua raws ib yam - thaj chaw uas thaj av no nyob. Tsaidam Desert yog tectonic kev nyuaj siab. Nws nyob thaj tsam ntawm Tibetan Plateau, ntawm chav kawm, tsis yog txhua qhov, tab sis tsuas yog sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj. Tus yam ntxwv thib ob, piav qhia tias muaj lo lus "hollow" nyob rau hauv lub npe laus, yog ib puag ncig, thiab los ntawm sab qab teb, thiab los ntawm sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj, thiab sab qaum teb hnub poob, cov suab puam nyob ib puag ncig cov roob thiab roob.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Tsaidam Desert

Lub phiab yog ib txoj hlua, nws nthuav tawm 700 kilometers ntev, nws qhov dav sib txawv, qhov ntsuas me tshaj plaws ntawm qhov dav yog 100 kilometers, qhov loj tshaj yog 300 kilometers. Suab puam Tsaidam yog qhov sib txawv, nws tuaj yeem faib ua ob ntu.

Cov cheeb tsam uas nyob rau sab qaum teb hnub poob yog tiaj. Nws suav nrog feem ntau ntawm cov av xuab zeb thiab cov av nplaum, nws qhov siab siab tshaj ntawm hiav txwv yog thaj tsam ntawm 2600 txog 2900 meters. Ib qho ntxiv, nws tuaj yeem sau tseg tias hauv ib feem ntawm cov phiab no muaj cov toj roob hauv pes, ib tus neeg toj roob, roob, thaj chaw uas pom cov txheej txheem ntawm huab cua aeolian.

Ib feem ntawm Tsaidam thaj chaw, nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, tau sib cais los ntawm txoj phuam los ntawm sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm kev nyuaj siab; txoj phuam qhov siab yog li 100 meters. Cov av nplaum-av av tau ua haujlwm tsis pom ntawm no, tab sis cov av nkos av nkos tau nthuav dav. Qhov laj thawj rau lawv pom nyob hauv thaj tsam ib puag ncig yog cov pas dej qub uas ploj lawm los ntawm lub ntiaj teb.

Nyob ze rau cov roob, roob thiab toj roob hauv pes, ntau zaus koj tuaj yeem pom cov tiaj tiaj, lawv tsim tau vim yog cov kwj dej ib ntus tsim thaum lub caij los nag.

Tsaidam Desert Climate

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev soj ntsuam mus sij hawm ntev, kev nyab xeeb txuas ntxiv txuas ntxiv mus rau thaj chaw ntawm cov phiab. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov kub tsawg, tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv loj. Qhov nruab nrab, Lub Ib Hlis Lub Ib Hlis (lub hli txias tshaj) yog nyob ntawm qib –11 ° С (mus txog –15 ° С). Qhov kub nyob hauv lub hli kub tshaj, Lub Xya Hli, thaj tsam ntawm + 15 ° С txog + 18 ° С.

Muaj cov dej nag tsawg heev hauv cov chaw no, thiab nws yog tus lej no uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw Tsaidam mus rau thaj chaw suab puam. Raws li cov kws tshaj xov xwm, cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg tias muaj pes tsawg nag lossis daus poob ntawm no - 25-50 hli. Hauv cheeb tsam sab hnub tuaj ntawm cov phiab, lawv tus lej yog ntau zaus ntau dua; hauv qee lub xyoo, nws poob rau 150 hli. Cov dej nag feem ntau pom nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, lub caij ntuj no feem ntau tsis muaj snow.

Raws li rau cov peev txheej dej, tsis muaj cov peev txheej ruaj khov hauv cov suab puam. Sab qaum teb hnub poob tsis muaj dej, sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj muaj ob peb lub pas dej, lawv muaj dej puv nkaus nkaus xwb thaum lub caij ntuj nag dej nyab vim dej ntws los tas li thiab qhuav sai.

Flora ntawm Tsaidam Phiab

Muab thaj chaw nyob thiab qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm sab qaum teb hnub poob thiab sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm cov phiab, tib qho kev faib tawm tuaj yeem pom hauv qhov piv txwv ntawm cov zaub hauv hav zoov. Sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Tsaidam yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntoo ib leeg. Hauv cov npe ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas tau yoog rau lub neej nyob rau hauv cov huab cua zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem pom hodgepodge, kho cov ntoo loj hlob nrog lub npe zoo - ntses ntses. Qee lub sij hawm muaj cov hav Zaisan saxaul. Cov xuab zeb, uas yog tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov toj roob hauv pes hauv cheeb tsam, tau tsau los ntawm cov hav ntawm tamarisk thiab Tangut ntsev, thiab Suav dereza.

Sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, qhov chaw uas koj tuaj yeem pom cov pas dej qhuav lossis dej hauv av nrog qhov tshwm sim ze, muaj kev nplua nuj nyob hauv cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub nceeg vaj vaj. Hauv cov cheeb tsam no, muaj meadows, hom tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas yog nyom thiab sedges. Hom thib ob uas pom ntawm cov av no yog cov ntoo reed. Cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb ntawm Tsaidam yog cov dej qab ntsev me me, cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem tiv taus lub sijhawm muaj dej nyab tas li, lawv tiv taus ntsev thiab tiv taus txias.

Cov nroj tsuag npog muaj cov tshuaj potash, cov plaub mos mos zoo nkauj nyom, rheumurium, ntau hom wormwood, tansy, Przewalski's ephedra. Nyob sab nrauv ntawm Tsaidam cov suab puam, qhov twg muaj nag lossis daus poob ntau dua, koj tuaj yeem pom cov hav zoov thiab ntau hom zaub meadow, hav zoov. Nrog cov hav dej, muaj cov zej zog ntawm cov tshuaj potash thiab cov ntsev, cov ntoo cog, cov ntoo tamarisk, kendyr loj hlob zoo hauv cov av, thiab tib lub potash, ntsev ntsev, ntsev thiab wolfberry ntawm marshes ntsev.

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