Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam
Kingisepp yog lub nroog loj loj nyob rau sab qaum teb hnub poob ntawm Russia. Kev txhim kho keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 14th. Raws li koj paub, txhua lub sijhawm Novgorod Republic yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog Swedish thiab German. Sij hawm dhau los, Novgorod lub fortress tsis tuaj yeem tuav rov ua phem ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, uas yog vim li cas xyoo 1384 nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim Yam fortress ntawm ib ntawm ntug dej ntawm Luga River, tsis deb ntawm tus dej sib tshuam nrog Gulf of Finland.
Qhov kev tiv thaiv ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm Yam fortress twb yuav luag tag, tom qab ntawd lawv tau rov tsim dua. Hauv cov hnub ntawd, lub chaw tiv thaiv tau ua haujlwm zoo tsis yog tsuas yog tiv thaiv, tab sis kuj yog kev tsim tub rog, vim tias nws tau tsim los raws li qhov xav tau tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev thiab kos duab tub rog ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th. Lub Yamburg fortress towered ntawm tus ntug dej ntawm Luga River thiab zoo li lub trapezoid lossis plaub fab nyob rau hauv cov duab. Ib lub laj kab nrog phab ntsa zeb siab, rooj vag thiab ntauwd txuas ntxiv tau txhim tsa raws ib puag ncig ntawm lub fortress. Grey limestone thiab cov pob zeb loj loj tau raug xaiv los ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Lub tsev tiv thaiv phab ntsa los ntawm sab nraud thiab sab hauv tau ntsib nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pob zeb lim. Sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa muaj cov cobblestones tuav ua ke nrog cov tshuaj khib. Hauv pem teb ib feem ntawm lub chaw tiv thaiv tau tiv thaiv los ntawm lub pas dej loj uas tau muaj txoj sia nyob mus txog hnub no. Kev tsim kho lub fortress Yam tshiab tsuas yog 33 hnub, vim tias tsib cheeb tsam ntawm Novgorod tau koom nrog qhov no.
Xyoo 1395, thawj qhov kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov tub rog Swedish ntawm Yamburg Fortress tau ua, thiab nws dhau qhov kev sim thawj zaug nrog kev hwm. Ob xyoos tom qab, Livonian cov tub rog tau txaus siab rau lub tsev uas tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau, tab sis lawv tsis tau twv kom ze nws. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev tiv thaiv tub rog tau ua los ntawm Yam fortress thaum ua tsov rog ntawm Novgorodians thiab Sweden thiab Livonian Order los ntawm 1433 txog 1448. Xyoo 1444, lub chaw tiv thaiv raug kaw tsib hnub, uas tseem raug ntaus. Xyoo 1447, Livonian Order rov tawm tsam lub fortress uas tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv, uas dhau los ua qhov kev nco tshaj plaws hauv nws keeb kwm tub rog. Kev tiv thaiv tau ntev dua ntau dua 13 hnub, thaum lub sijhawm cov tub rog German tau sim ua ntau lub zog los tiv thaiv lub fortress nrog rab phom loj. Tab sis lub fortress ua siab ntev tiv cov yeeb ncuab nres, cawm ntau tus tub rog txoj sia.
Kev tsov rog thiab kev tawm tsam ntau zaus tau coj tus pej thuam thiab nws phab ntsa mus rau lub xeev uas xav tau kev kho tam sim. Tias yog vim li cas xyoo 1448 kev sib haum xeeb tau kos npe ntawm Livonian Order thiab Novgorod. Archbishop Euthymius II ntawm Novgorod tau xaj kom rhuav lub fortress thiab tsim lub pob zeb loj loj tshiab nyob hauv nws qhov chaw.
Lub fortress uas tau tsim tshiab tau sawv hauv qhov chaw qub, tab sis muaj cov duab ntawm trapezoid. Qhov txaus siab, sab hnub tuaj ntawm phab ntsa tau me ntsis nkhaus, ua raws tus dej khoov. Los ntawm sab nraud, ib puag ncig ntawm phab ntsa tau nce mus txog 720 m, thiab thaj tsam tag nrho yog 2.5 hectares. Nws yog thawj lub fortress kom muaj qhov raug thiab muaj peev xwm teeb tsa. Lub fortress tau nruab nrog lub yees ntawm lub zog zoo kawg.
Yamburgskaya fortress muaj qhov tshwj xeeb - Detinets, suav nrog plaub tus yees, uas nyuaj heev cov txheej txheem ntawm nkag mus rau hauv lub fortress. Nws tau paub tias phab ntsa tau tsawg kawg plaub meters tuab.
Sij hawm dhau los, tag nrho lub nroog tau tsim nyob ib puag ncig lub chaw tiv thaiv, uas dhau los ua qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm kev lag luam ntawm tus dej Luga. Los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, kev cuam tshuam ntawm Novgorod tau qaug zog heev, yog li lub nroog tshiab pib vam meej sai.
Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1581, cov neeg Swedes tau ntes Yamburg Fortress, thiab tom qab ib ntus, nws tau mus rau Sweden. Cov thawj coj hauv tebchaws Swedish tau txiav txim siab tsis rov kho lub fortress uas puas ntsoog, yog li xyoo 1682 nws tau tawg yooj yim. Xyoo 1703, Yamburg tau rov qab los rau Russia dua, tab sis lub chaw tiv thaiv twb tau poob nws lub hom phiaj thiab pib tawg mus txog thaum kawg.
Niaj hnub no Yamburg Fortress tsis muaj nyob lawm, tab sis cov pob zeb me me tuaj yeem pom txhua tus los ntawm ib sab ntawm Luga River. Ib zaug dhau ib lub sijhawm, lub fortress ntawm lub zog tshwj xeeb tau rub tawm ntawm qhov chaw no, nyob rau qhov chaw ntawm cov ntoo uas muaj hnub nyoog ib puas xyoo tam sim no nthuav tawm lawv cov yas.
Cov lus piav qhia ntxiv:
Alexander. 22.06.2015
Tsis tas li, nyob ze rau sab hnub poob sab hnub poob, RAVELIN tau ua haujlwm khaws cia, tiv thaiv (feem ntau yuav) lub pas dej nrog nws los ntawm nws (dej) qhovntsej thiaj li pab txhawb kev tuav lub fortress. Tsis ntseeg kuv? Sawv hauv REMAINS ntawm lub pas dej nruab nrab ntawm Bastion thiab Ravelin. Zoo kawg txawm tias tam sim no!
Qhia tag nrho cov ntawv Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob ze rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob, RAVELIN tau ua haujlwm khaws cia, tiv thaiv (feem ntau yuav) lub pas dej nrog nws los ntawm nws (dej) qhovntsej thiaj li pab txhawb kev tuav lub fortress. Tsis ntseeg kuv? Sawv hauv REMAINS ntawm lub pas dej nruab nrab ntawm Bastion thiab Ravelin. "Nws zoo heev tam sim no! Thiab qhov ua txhaum nyob rau sab qaum teb daim ntaub thaiv qhia tias qhov no yog li cas Fort Yamburg tau raug ntes: lawv tuav lub ravelin, nqes dej, khawb qhov hauv qab kab hlau rhuav, teeb tawm, tawg sab hauv. Thiab leej twg thiab thaum twg? "zoo heev."
Nkaum ntawv
Cov lus piav qhia ntxiv:
Alexander 2015-06-01
Kab lus kawg tsis muaj tseeb. Ua ntej, lub hauv paus pob zeb ntawm lub fortress nrog cellars thiab lub qhov khoob, mus txog peb metres hauv qhov tob, tau raug khaws cia tag. Qhov thib ob, sab hnub poob sab hnub poob thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj tau khaws cia zoo, nrog daim ntaub thaiv ntawm lawv thiab qhov sib txawv hauv nws, uas tsim
Qhia tag nrho cov kab lus kab lus kawg tsis muaj tseeb. Ua ntej, lub hauv paus pob zeb ntawm lub fortress nrog cellars thiab lub qhov khoob, mus txog peb metres hauv qhov tob, tau raug khaws cia tag. Qhov thib ob, sab hnub poob sab hnub poob thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj tau khaws cia zoo, nrog daim ntaub thaiv nruab nrab ntawm lawv thiab qhov sib txawv hauv nws, tsim los ntawm nws qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam thaum lub sij hawm ua phem rau ntawm lub fortress, sab hnub poob daim ntaub thaiv (ntsib dej) yuav luag khaws cia, tseem muaj qhov sib txawv (tsis deb ntawm cov tsev khaws puav pheej), vim muaj rab phom tawg thiab, rau qhov tsawg dua, daim kab xev sab hnub tuaj nrog lub pas dej uas puv dej thiab tam sim no hu ua "pas dej vaj lub caij ntuj sov". Tsawg dua khaws cia yog qhov chaw tiv thaiv sab qab teb hnub poob (tus ntoo khaub lig tam sim no tau teeb tsa ntawm nws), lossis nws yog, thaum xub thawj, qhov thiaj li hu ua. bastia. Bastion sab qab teb hnub poob tseem tsis tau dim. tab sis nws tsis yog "raug rhuav tshem", tab sis tau siv los ua qhov chaw npaj rau kev tsim kho ntawm Catherine's Cathedral..
Nkaum ntawv
