Nativity Cathedral ntawm Ferapontov Monastery piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - North -West: Vologda Oblast

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Nativity Cathedral ntawm Ferapontov Monastery piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - North -West: Vologda Oblast
Nativity Cathedral ntawm Ferapontov Monastery piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - North -West: Vologda Oblast

Video: Nativity Cathedral ntawm Ferapontov Monastery piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - North -West: Vologda Oblast

Video: Nativity Cathedral ntawm Ferapontov Monastery piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - North -West: Vologda Oblast
Video: Bethlehem, Palestine: Church of the Nativity 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Nativity Cathedral ntawm Ferapontov Monastery
Nativity Cathedral ntawm Ferapontov Monastery

Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam

Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj ntawm Kev Ua Yeeb Yaj Kiab ntawm Virgin Mary, ua hauv 1490, yog thawj lub pob zeb qauv ntawm Ferapontov Monastery, uas yog thawj chav kawm piv txwv ntawm ib hom Rostov architecture uas tau khaws cia cov cim ntawm lub tsev pob zeb Moscow thaum ntxov.

Lub tuam tsev yog ntawm hom cubic-plaub-ncej, hla-domed, peb-apse. Nws ntim, teeb tsa rau hauv qab daus siab, yog crowned nrog peb qib kokoshniks thiab lub nruas zoo nkauj me me. Nyob rau sab saum toj, lub ntsej muag tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov hniav uas ua los ntawm balusters thiab cov nplais pobzeb. Lub nruas ntawm tshooj hauv paus, nrog rau kokoshniks thiab ib nrab ntawm lub thaj ntawm lub thaj asps tau ua siab zoo ua tiav. Txhua hom kev dai kom zoo nkauj tau nthuav tawm hauv lawv cov qauv tsim - pob zeb siv tawv, balusters, curly niches. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tsev teev ntuj muaj txoj kab sab qab teb, saum toj no uas muaj lub khob me me sawv. Ib qho me me belfry tau ntxiv rau sab qaum teb.

Sab hauv, lub tsev teev ntuj tau faib los ntawm plaub lub xwmfab ncej rau hauv peb tus naves nrog tsa arches hauv qab nruas. Cov duab tha xim muaj 300 qhov sib txuam thiab ua rau tag nrho saum npoo ntawm phab ntsa, cov ncej, lub qhov rooj, lub qhov rooj thiab lub qhov rais. Sab nraum, lub tsev teev ntuj tau pleev xim rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm phab ntsa uas nyob rau sab hnub poob, nrog rau hauv ib sab qis ntawm yav qab teb ib sab saum toj qhov chaw faus ntawm Monk Martinian.

Daim duab tha xim ntawm lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Nativity tsuas yog tha xim los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij Lavxias tus kws tshaj lij Dionysius the Wise, uas tau muaj txoj sia nyob rau peb lub sijhawm hauv nws daim ntawv qub thiab tag nrho. Daim duab ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, ua ke nrog Dionysius, tau ua los ntawm nws cov tub, lawv tau siv peb caug-plaub hnub rau nws. Thaj tsam ntawm tha xim ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog 600 sq. M. Cov xim mos ntawm kev pleev xim, kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov xim thiab ntau yam kev nyiam ua rau lub qhov muag nyiam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cim qub los ntawm lub tuam tsev yog cov txhuam ntawm Dionysius. Cov xim tha xim tau ua los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab, hauv kab, raws li tuaj yeem txiav txim los ntawm kev sib tshooj ntawm cov txheej txheej plaster. Kev sib sau ua ke ntawm txhua qib feem ntau yog koom ua ke los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ib txwm muaj.

"Akathist rau Niam ntawm Vajtswv" - kev txhais lus zoo nkauj ntawm kev qhuas qhuas, uas suav nrog 25 nkauj, nyob qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov duab puab ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Dionysius qhia tag nrho cov nkauj. Tus kws kos duab tau teeb tsa qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus neeg kathist hauv qib peb ntawm cov duab puab raws tag nrho ib puag ncig ntawm lub tuam tsev. Dionysius tsim ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kws lij choj hauv kev pleev xim.

Cov feem thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm Dionysius cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke nrog sab hauv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj thiab cov phab ntsa ntawm cov phab ntsa. Lub teeb thiab kev tshav ntuj ntawm tus qauv, me ntsis elongated silhouettes uas hais txog qhov hnyav ntawm cov duab, nrog rau cov xim zoo nkauj uas nthuav tawm lub teeb pom kev tsis pom kev thiab kev nplua nuj ntawm tonal ntxoov txiav txim siab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Dionysius cov duab. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, rau kev npaj cov xim, nws, ib feem, siv cov xim sib xyaw xim, uas nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv tau pom nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm Ferapontov Monastery.

Tom qab cov neeg German nyiam rhuav tshem ntau lub tsev teev ntuj Novgorod ntawm XII-XV ib puas xyoo, cov duab Dionysius tseem yog ib qho ntawm ob peb txoj kev muaj sia nyob ntawm cov qub Lavxias ua ke. Ntawm cov monuments ntawm Ancient Russia, cov frescoes no tseem muaj qhov tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev khaws cia tsis pub dhau ntawm tus sau daim duab uas tsis tau rov ua dua tshiab. Cov duab puab ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, raws li pom thaum lub sijhawm tshawb nrhiav haujlwm, muaj cov av muaj zog zoo nrog cov xim zoo khaws cia zoo.

Txij li xyoo 1981, kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav hauv Nativity Cathedral siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, uas tau xub tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov duab ntawm Dionysius, saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, lub xeev ntawm gesso thiab txheej xim. Kev txuag lub frescoes, rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev hloov kho qhov ntsuas kub thiab av noo ua rau nws muaj peev xwm teeb tsa lub hauv paus kev tshawb fawb rau kev khaws cia ntawm cov duab Dionysius the Wise, raws li lub teb chaws muaj txiaj ntsig - ib lub cim ntawm tsis yog Lavxias, tab sis kuj yog European kab lis kev cai.

Duab

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