Copenhagen keeb kwm

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Copenhagen keeb kwm
Copenhagen keeb kwm

Video: Copenhagen keeb kwm

Video: Copenhagen keeb kwm
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duab: Keeb kwm ntawm Copenhagen
duab: Keeb kwm ntawm Copenhagen

Copenhagen yog lub peev thiab nroog loj tshaj plaws ntawm Denmark, nrog rau ib lub nroog zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nyob hauv Europe nrog ntau yam keeb kwm, kab lis kev cai thiab kev tsim vaj tsev.

Kev tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm keeb kwm tau qhia tias kev sib hais me me ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Copenhagen niaj hnub muaj nyob ntawm qhov tig ntawm 10-11 xyoo pua thiab, feem ntau yuav, tau tsim los ntawm Sven I Forkbeard. Kev ua haujlwm, hnub tsim ntawm Copenhagen yog 1167, thiab nws tus tsim yog Npis Sov Roskilde (lub peev txheej qub ntawm tebchaws Denmark) Absalon, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tseem yog tus pab tswv yim rau Vajntxwv Valdemar I the Great tau txais kev xaj los ntawm huab tais los tsim thiab ua kom muaj zog ntxiv. lub nroog nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv sab hnub tuaj ntawm Island of Zealand txhawm rau kom muaj kev tswj hwm thiab tiv thaiv ntawm Øresund Strait. Yog li, nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm Npis Sov Absalon, lub fortress tau ua rau ntawm cov kob me me ntawm Slotsholmen, uas tau dhau los ua qhov chaw ntawm Copenhagen.

Cov Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab

Copenhagen tau loj hlob thiab txhim kho sai thiab twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1254 tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm ib lub nroog thiab ntau txoj cai. Xav txog txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub nroog thiab nws "kev cia siab", nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias Copenhagen ib txwm nyob hauv qhov kev nyiam ntawm Pab Koomtes Hanseatic, tom qab lwm qhov kev tawm tsam uas, qhov tseeb, hauv 1369, lub nroog thiab lub zog ntawm Absalona tau raug puas tsuaj tag nrho. Xyoo 1397, hauv kev tawm tsam Hanseatic League, Denmark, Norway thiab Sweden tau nkag mus rau hauv lub npe hu ua Kalmar Union, uas Denmark tau ua tus thawj coj.

Xyoo 1410, nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qub fortress, kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev fuabtais tau pib, nyob hauv cov phab ntsa uas, twb nyob rau xyoo 1416, qhov chaw muaj koob muaj npe ntawm Eric ntawm Pomerania tau nyob. Xyoo 1443 Copenhagen tau raug xa mus raws li txoj cai ntawm lub peev. Xyoo 1448, thawj lub rooj sib txoos tau tshwm sim hauv Copenhagen, thiab Christian I, tus tsim ntawm Oldenborg dynasty, tau nce lub zwm txwv. nyob teb chaws Europe.

Xyoo 1536, nthwv dej ntawm Kev Hloov Kho tau mus txog Copenhagen, uas ua rau kev poob kev ntseeg Catholic thiab kev tsim Lutheranism ua kev ntseeg kev ntseeg ntawm Denmark. Tom qab qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg nyob qis, lub nroog txuas ntxiv txhim kho thiab nthuav dav nws txoj kev lag luam kev sib raug zoo. Kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb ntawm lub nroog tau pib xyoo 1588 nrog kev nkag mus rau lub zwm txwv ntawm Christian IV (1588-1648). Lub sijhawm no hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog tau cim los ntawm kev tsim kho Arsenal, Börsen kev sib pauv khoom lag luam thiab tsim lub tsev saib xyuas (Round Tower), nrhiav pom kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb Danish East India Company (1616), ntxiv rau xws li cov phiaj xwm loj xws li Rosenborg lub tsev fuabtais, Kastellet citadel thiab Christianshavn koog tsev kawm ntawv (ob qhov kawg tau ua tiav twb yog cov ua tiav ntawm Christian IV).

Ups thiab downs

Xyoo pua 18th tau coj tus mob plague (1711) thiab hluav taws loj heev (1728) mus rau Copenhagen, uas tau rhuav tshem kwv yees li 30% ntawm lub nroog cov tuam tsev. Hmoov tsis zoo, ib feem loj ntawm Copenhagen nruab nrab tau ploj mus ib txhis. Kev ua haujlwm rov kho dua tshiab thiab cov phiaj xwm tshiab tau hloov pauv qhov kev pom zoo ntawm Copenhagen. Ntawm qhov kev txaus siab tshaj plaws thiab kev txiav txim siab nroog loj hauv kev txiav txim siab hauv Copenhagen nyob rau xyoo pua 18th, ib tus tuaj yeem txiav tawm qhov kev tsim ntawm Christiansborg lub vaj tsev nyob thiab muaj koob npe Frederiksstaden koog tsev kawm ntawv, uas niaj hnub no suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm Rococo nyuaj tshaj plaws nyob hauv Europe. Kev qhib ntawm Danish Royal Theatre xyoo 1748 kuj yog ib qho xwm txheej tseem ceeb rau lub nroog. Copenhagen tau raug mob hnyav los ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 1794-1795.

Pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 kuj nyuaj heev rau Copenhagen. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 1801 ntawm Askiv thiab Danish lub nkoj, nrog rau kev foob pob ntawm Copenhagen xyoo 1807 (uas yog hom kev tawm tsam ua ntej los ntawm Askiv tom qab Denmark qhov kev txiav txim siab koom nrog kev cuam tshuam txuas ntxiv los ntawm Fabkis huab tais Napoleon tawm tsam Great Tebchaws Askiv), yeej muaj tus lej ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Denmark, uas yav dhau los tau tswj hwm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, pom nws tus kheej tau rub mus rau Napoleonic kev tsov kev rog ua ib feem ntawm Anglo-Danish kev ua tsov ua rog, thaum kawg ntawm qhov uas nws tau ua tiav ntawm qhov kawg ntawm nyiaj txiag thiab kev nom kev tswv, uas cuam tshuam rau Copenhagen.

Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau, xyoo pua puv 19 tau poob qis hauv keeb kwm raws li "Hnub Nyoog Golden ntawm Denmark", tau xav txog hauv kev pleev xim, kos duab, suab paj nruag, thiab ntaub ntawv. Hauv ib nrab ntawm ib nrab ntawm xyoo pua puv 19, Copenhagen tau nthuav dav nws cov ciam teb thiab tau ntsib kev nthwv dej ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam, uas hloov lub nroog mus rau hauv chaw tsim khoom lag luam thiab chaw tswj hwm loj thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.

Hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, Denmark tsis nyob nruab nrab thiab Copenhagen tau vam meej los ntawm kev lag luam nrog Great Britain thiab Germany. Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, lub nroog tau nyob hauv tebchaws German thiab raug kev puas tsuaj loj. Tsis ntev tom qab kev tsov rog xaus, txoj haujlwm tshiab rau kev txhim kho Copenhagen, lub npe hu ua Finger Plan, tau tsim los, kev siv uas tau pib ua thaum xyoo 1947.

Niaj hnub no Copenhagen yog lub chaw nom tswv, kev lag luam thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Denmark, yog ib lub hauv paus tseem ceeb nyiaj txiag ntawm Sab Qaum Teb Europe, nrog rau ib lub nroog nplua nuj thiab kim tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

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