Keeb kwm ntawm Edinburgh

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Keeb kwm ntawm Edinburgh
Keeb kwm ntawm Edinburgh

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Video: Keeb kwm ntawm Edinburgh
Video: dab neeg keeb kwm ntawm tus kab pau tsu 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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duab: Saib ntawm Edinburgh
duab: Saib ntawm Edinburgh

Nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv sab qab teb ntawm Firth of Fort, Edinburgh yog lub peev thiab lub nroog muaj neeg nyob coob thib ob hauv Scotland, nrog rau lub chaw nyiaj txiag loj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Askiv tom qab London.

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub nroog

Thawj qhov kev sib hais haum ntawm thaj av ntawm Edinburgh niaj hnub no muaj nyob hauv Mesolithic era. Cov kev khawb av kuj tseem tau qhia txog qhov seem ntawm kev sib tham uas tau rov qab los txog rau Lig Bronze thiab Cov Hnub Nyoog Hlau.

Nyob rau xyoo pua AD, thaum cov neeg Loos tuaj txog hauv Lothian (thaj tsam keeb kwm nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Scotland), ib pawg neeg Celtic ntawm cov neeg Askiv tau nyob ntawm no, uas lawv hu ua Votadins. Twb tau tom qab kev ncaim ntawm Loos nyob rau xyoo pua 5 AD. nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Lothian niaj hnub no thiab thaj tsam uas nyob ib puag ncig (qhov ciam teb tseeb yog tsis ntseeg tau paub), muaj tebchaws Askiv ntawm Gododin, tau tsim, feem ntau yuav yog los ntawm cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm tib Votadins. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub xyoo pua 6, Gododinians tau tsim lub fortress "Din Eidyn" lossis "Etin", thiab txawm hais tias nws qhov chaw nyob tsis tau qhia meej (lub fortress yuav zoo li yuav nyob ob qho tib si ntawm Castle Rock, thiab ntawm Mount Arthur, thiab tejzaum nws nyob Mount Calton), cov kws sau keeb kwm qhia tias nws nyob ib puag ncig nws uas tom qab ntawd Edinburgh loj tuaj. Xyoo 638, lub chaw tiv thaiv tau los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm King Oswald ntawm Northumbria thiab vim li ntawd nws tau nyob hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm Anglo-Saxons rau ntau dua peb caug xyoo, txog thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 10 nws dhau mus rau Scotland. Hauv Daim Duab Chronicle, lub fortress raug xa mus rau "oppidum Eden".

Cov Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th, Scotland zoo li tseem tsis tau muaj. Tom qab David Kuv nce lub zwm txwv nyob rau xyoo 1124, nws tau pib tsim qhov hu ua "Royal burgh", uas txhais tau tias "lub nroog muaj koob muaj npe nrog kev tswj hwm tus kheej" (uas, ntawm chav kawm, cuam tshuam ntau qhov tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb). Edinburgh dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov "Royal burghs" puag ncig 1130.

Txawm hais tias muaj kev thov tsis tu ncua los ntawm Askiv thiab, vim li ntawd, kev tawm tsam ntev mus rau kev ywj pheej ntawm Scotland, lub nroog maj zuj zus thiab tsim kho. Tom qab Scotland poob nws lub chaw lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm Berwick, feem ntau ntawm cov khoom lag luam tau txais txiaj ntsig tau hloov pauv los ntawm Edinburgh thiab nws qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Lit. Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm xyoo pua 15th, cov xwm txheej ntawm "peev" tau khov kho hauv lub nroog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim kho cov phab ntsa tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tau pib, qhia meej meej txog thaj tsam ntawm lub nroog, uas niaj hnub no sib raug rau "Lub Nroog Laus". Txij li thaj chaw uas muaj laj kab tau me me, Lub Nroog Qub tau tshwj xeeb los ntawm txoj kev nqaim heev thiab cov tsev muaj ntau lub tsev. Xyoo 1544, los ntawm kev tawm tsam los ntawm Askiv, lub nroog raug kev puas tsuaj loj, tab sis rov kho dua sai dua.

Nyob rau xyoo pua 16th, Edinburgh tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Kev Hloov Kho Scottish, thiab twb tau nyob rau xyoo 17th - lub hauv paus ntawm Covenant txav mus los (los ntawm lub sijhawm no Scotland twb tau hu ua "Union of Crowns" nrog Askiv, txawm hais tias nws tseem muaj nws tus kheej kev cai lij choj, nyob hauv Edinburgh) … Los ntawm thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, Edinburgh tau paub tias yog lub chaw txhab nyiaj tseem ceeb, nrog rau ib lub nroog uas muaj neeg nyob coob tshaj plaws nyob hauv Europe nrog rau qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv, uas tsis muaj ib feem me me vim muaj cov pejxeem coob zuj zus tuaj. qhov chaw txwv (phab ntsa fortress ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th tseem nruj nruj ciam teb lub nroog).

Lub sij hawm tshiab

Hauv ib nrab ntawm ib nrab ntawm xyoo pua 18th, kev tsim kho loj ntawm "Lub Nroog Tshiab" pib thiab Edinburgh nthuav dav nws cov ciam teb. Tsis ntev lub nroog tau dhau los ua qhov chaw ntawm Scottish kev nkag siab, yog ib tus neeg sawv cev ci ntsa iab tshaj plaws uas yog neeg ntiaj teb tus kws muaj nyiaj txiag thiab tus kws tshawb fawb Adas Smith. Xyoo pua puv 19 yog rau Edinburgh "xyoo pua kev lag luam", txawm hais tias nws qhov nrawm tau qis dua li hauv Glasgow. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Glasgow dhau los ua lub nroog loj tshaj plaws hauv Scotland thiab nws cov chaw lag luam thiab chaw lag luam. Edinburgh tseem yog lub chaw tswj hwm thiab kev coj noj coj ua …

Niaj hnub no Edinburgh yog qhov chaw nyiam mus ncig ua si nyiam ntau lab tus neeg tuaj ncig thoob ntiaj teb. Lub nroog muaj npe nrov rau ntau tus keeb kwm thiab kev tsim vaj tsev, muaj kev lom zem ntau lub tsev khaws khoom lom zem thiab ntau yam xwm txheej kev coj noj coj ua. Lub koob npe nrov Edinburgh Festival yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb no ntawm cov xwm txheej ib xyoos ib zaug.

Duab

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