Tretyakov Gallery piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - Moscow: Moscow

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Tretyakov Gallery piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - Moscow: Moscow
Tretyakov Gallery piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - Moscow: Moscow

Video: Tretyakov Gallery piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - Moscow: Moscow

Video: Tretyakov Gallery piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - Moscow: Moscow
Video: New Laj Tsawb Hlub Tsis Muaj Tso Yuav Nciam Ntawm Koj Mus 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Tretyakov Gallery
Tretyakov Gallery

Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam

Hauv cov npe ntawm cov tsev khaws khoom kos duab nto moo hauv ntiaj teb State Tretyakov Gallery nyob ib ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj. Niaj hnub no, nws cov khoom suav nrog ntau dua 180 txhiab qhov khoom pov thawj, suav nrog cov duab, duab puab thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Cov txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm cov duab tau tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm keeb kwm rov qab los rau tiam 11 -20 xyoo pua. Lub tsev uas qhov chaw khaws khoom tseem ceeb tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1906, thiab niaj hnub no nws tau suav nrog hauv cov npe khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm haiv neeg Lavxias.

Ntau tshaj ib thiab ib nrab lab tus tib neeg tuaj xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej txhua xyoo.

Gallery tsim keeb kwm

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Lub Tsib Hlis 22, 1856 tus neeg siab dawb thiab ua tiav kev lag luam Paul Tretyakov yuav ib daim duab los ntawm Vasily Khudyakov "Clash nrog Finnish smugglers." Hnub no tau txiav txim siab hnub tim ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej, uas Tretyakov, ua ke nrog nws tus tij laug, tau xeeb tub los tsim lub sijhawm ntev dhau los. Nws ua npau suav los nthuav qhia rau tib neeg txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam Lavxias. Tsis ntev, cov khoom tau ntxiv nrog cov duab "Kev cai dab qhuas ntawm Easter" los ntawm V. Perov, "Peter Kuv nug Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich hauv Peterhof" los ntawm N. Ge thiab ntau lwm tus. Kev sau tau nce thiab sib tw, thiab Tretyakov txiav txim siab los qhia cov duab rau cov neeg mloog. Xyoo 1867 nws tau qhib thawj lub tsev qiv ntawv hauv nws tus kheej thaj av Lavrushinsky txoj kab … Lub sijhawm ntawd, suav nrog 1,276 daim duab, yuav luag tsib puas daim duab, sau me me ntawm cov duab puab thiab ob peb kaum os haujlwm los ntawm cov kws kos duab txawv teb chaws.

Tretyakov txhawb ntau tus tswv me-paub thiab ua tsaug rau nws txoj kev txhawb nqa, Vasnetsov thiab Makovsky tau nto moo. Los ntawm kev tau txais cov duab uas tsis pom zoo rau cov tub ceev xwm, tus tsim ntawm cov duab tau tshoov siab cov neeg pleev xim rau txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev xav thiab ua siab loj hauv kev cuam tshuam rau tus neeg saib xyuas.

Tretyakov Gallery tau dhau los ua National Museum nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, thiab txij thaum ntawd los leej twg tuaj yeem mus ntsib nws thiab tsis pub dawb kiag li. Xyoo 1892, tom qab nws tus tij laug tuag, Pavel Tretyakov tau pub cov khoom mus rau lub nroog. Nov yog qhov kev kos duab kos duab tshwm sim hauv Moscow, uas thaum kawg dhau los ua ib qho ntawm kev sau ntau tshaj plaws ntawm kev kos duab ntawm lub ntiaj teb.

Thaum Tretyakovs nyuam qhuav pib sau cov duab, lawv sau tau nyob hauv chav ntawm lub tsev loj uas cov kwv tij nyob. Tab sis xyoo 1860 lawv tau txiav txim siab los tsim ib lub tsev sib cais los khaws cov khoom sau, uas los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau loj hlob mus rau hauv cov khoom kos duab zoo. Qhov ob -zaj lus txuas ntxiv mus rau Tretyakov lub tsev tau txais cais nkag mus rau cov neeg tuaj saib, thiab cov duab - ob chav dav.

Cov duab tshiab txuas ntxiv tuaj txog, thiab cov duab nthuav dav thiab ua tiav. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm tus tswv, lub tsev loj tau rov tsim dua, thiab thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th nws tau koom ua ke nrog cov chav hauv chav ua yeeb yam. Lub ntsej muag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tus pej thuam qub tau tsim los ntawm tus kws kos duab Vasnetsov.

Golden Fund ntawm Tretyakov Gallery

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Koj yuav pom cov khoom qub tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv kev sau cov duab tha xim ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th-17th. Piv txwv li, daim duab ntawm Vladimir Icon ntawm Niam ntawm Vajtswv, coj thaum pib ntawm XII caug xyoo los ntawm Constantinople. Tom qab kev tsim txom ntawm Lavxias Lub Koom Txoos Orthodox thaum tsim lub zog Soviet, lub cim tau xaus rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej.

Rublevskaya "Trinity" Yog lwm lub ntiaj teb nto moo masterpiece ntawm Lavxias icon duab. Tus sau tsim nws hauv kev nco txog Sergei ntawm Radonezh hauv thawj peb ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th.

Tswv Dionysius - tsis muaj npe tsawg tus neeg pleev xim, thiab nws ua haujlwm "Alexei Cheeb Tsam", pleev xim rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th, kuj tseem nyob hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom pov thawj zoo tshaj plaws hauv Tretyakov Gallery.

Tsis paub tus tswv ntawm Mikhailovsky Golden-Domed Monastery thaum pib ntawm XII caug xyoo mosaic piav txog St. Dmitry ntawm Thessaloniki … Lawv siv cov xim pob zeb matte thiab kub kub hauv lawv txoj haujlwm. Cov haujlwm tau nthuav tawm hauv chav haujlwm ntawm Lavxias lub cim pleev xim.

Ntawm ntau daim duab kos duab ntawm Xeev Tretyakov Gallery, cov duab nto moo tshaj plaws feem ntau tau txais txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib.

Xyoo pua 18th yog sawv cev los ntawm kev ua haujlwm Dmitry Levitsky, Vladimir Borovikovsky thiab Fyodor Rokotov … Cov haujlwm nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm no yog portraits ntawm Gabriel Golovkin, tus qub koom nrog Peter I, thiab Empress Elizabeth Petrovna. Thawj tau sau los ntawm Ivan Nikitin, thiab tus poj huab tais tau pleev xim los ntawm Georg Groot.

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Xyoo pua puv 19 uas los hloov lub ntiaj teb muab ntiaj teb cov neeg ua yeeb yam tshiab sawv cev hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej tshwj xeeb tshaj yog:

- Ua tau zoo tshaj plaws I. Kramskoy "Tus neeg txawv" piav qhia txog tus poj niam hluas uas tsav tsheb thauj mus los ntawm Nevsky Prospect. Tsis muaj qhov qhia txog tus yam ntxwv tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kws kos duab lossis hauv nws phau ntawv teev npe, thiab nws lub npe tseem yog qhov tsis paub meej rau txhua lub sijhawm.

- "Ntxhais fuabtais Tarakanova" los ntawm Konstantin Flavitsky piav qhia qhov tuag ntawm tus neeg taug txuj kev nyuaj ua tus ntxhais ntawm Empress Elizabeth Petrovna tus ntxhais thiab tus muam Pugachev. Tom qab raug nthuav tawm, tus poj niam raug pov rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm Peter thiab Paul Fortress, qhov twg, raws li cov lus dab neeg muaj, nws tuag los ntawm dej nyab. Daim duab tau pleev xim los ntawm Flavitsky hauv xyoo 1864. Tus neeg thuam Stasov hu nws "qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsim ntawm cov duab Lavxias".

- Lwm tus poj niam zoo nkauj zoo nkauj tso rau hauv Tretyakov Gallery - "Tus ntxhais nrog txiv duaj" … Daim duab qhia txog tus ntxhais ntawm Savva Mamontov, tab sis nyiam cov neeg saib rau daim ntaub V. Serova txawv kiag li. Kev ua haujlwm tau nkag mus nrog lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab puv nrog qhov tshiab uas tsis ploj mus raws lub sijhawm.

- Phau ntawv toj roob hauv pes yog txoj haujlwm A. Savrasova "Cov Rooks Tuaj Txog" … Cov neeg thuam xav txog cov duab tha xim yog theem tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov duab toj roob hauv pes hauv Russia. Txawm hais tias qhov yooj yim ntawm cov phiaj xwm, daim duab zoo li tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv plawv ntawm ib tus neeg Lavxias.

- "Moonlit Hmo ntuj ntawm Capri" piav qhia txog seascape ntawm Gulf of Naples. Nws tus kws sau ntawv yog tus neeg pleev xim Lavxias teb sab nto moo I. Aivazovsky, tus neeg pleev xim rau ntawm General Naval Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm thiab tus sau ntawm cov haujlwm zoo uas tau mob siab rau lub hiav txwv.

- Muaj kev xav tias "Yos Hav Zoov Thaum So" tau sau V. Perov raws li cov dab neeg ntawm I. Turgenev. Cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm, nthuav tawm los ntawm tus sau rau tus saib, piav qhia txog peb tus tswv av uas nres kom so tom qab kev yos hav zoov tau zoo. Perov tswj kom piav qhia cov cim thiab lawv ib puag ncig kom pom tseeb tias cov neeg saib tau koom nrog kev koom nrog yam tsis koom nrog hauv kev sib tham ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov.

- "Kev sib yuav tsis sib xws" V. Pukirev, raws li nws cov neeg sib cav sib cav, tau pleev xim los ntawm tus kws kos duab nyob rau lub sijhawm nws tsim txom: Pukirev tus hlub tus ntxhais tau sib yuav kom yooj yim. Daim duab tau ua los ntawm kev hlub zoo, thiab kev xav ntawm cov cim tau nthuav tawm zoo. Koj tseem tuaj yeem pom tus kws kos duab tus kheej kos duab ntawm daim ntaub - nws sawv tom qab nkauj nyab, txhais caj npab hla nws lub hauv siab.

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Peb daim ntawv teev npe nto moo ntau dua ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. hauv Tretyakov Gallery, cov neeg saib txaus siab tau sib sau ua ke nyob ib puag ncig lawv:

- Xim tha xim "Ivan qhov txaus ntshai thiab nws tus tub Ivan Kaum Ib Hlis 16, 1581" los ntawm Ilya Repin paub zoo rau cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv lub npe "Ivan qhov txaus ntshai tua nws tus tub." Tus kws kos duab piav qhia lub sijhawm uas tuaj txog ob peb feeb tom qab kev tuag uas tsar ua rau Tsarevich Ivan. Tus neeg siab phem tsis txaus siab nrog kev tu siab thiab tus txais tsis tau txais nws txoj hmoo nrog kev txo hwj chim tau pleev xim kom txawj zoo uas daim duab tseem ua rau pom qhov kev xav zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov neeg tuaj saib.

- "Qhov tshwm sim ntawm Khetos rau Tib Neeg" A. Ivanov tau sau txog 20 xyoo. Thaum nws ua haujlwm, nws tau tsim ntau pua daim duab kos thiab hu ua cov phiaj xwm ntawm nws daim ntaub "thoob ntiaj teb". Ivanov ntseeg tias nws tau piav txog lub sijhawm hauv lub sijhawm uas tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv txoj hmoo ntawm txhua tus tib neeg. Cov canvas loj loj tau nthuav tawm hauv chav sib cais ua rau nws hauv 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem.

- "Bogatyrs" Vasnetsov piav qhia peb tus phab ej ntawm Lavxias epics ntawm cov nees muaj zog hauv cov cuab yeej ua tub rog. Lawv tshuaj xyuas ib puag ncig thiab, nrog rau txhua qhov zoo li, ua rau lawv npaj txhij los tiv thaiv thaj av Lavxias los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Raws li tus kws sau ntawv, nws mob siab rau "txhawm rau qhia txog kev ua siab ntev dhau los ntawm cov neeg Lavxias nrog nws lub neej yav tom ntej."

Xyoo pua nees nkaum yog sawv cev los ntawm Petrov-Vodkin, Benois, Krymov, Chagall, Konchalovsky, Korovin, ntxiv rau cov duab puab los ntawm Vera Mukhina. Tus sau ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet, uas nws cov duab tau txais txiaj ntsig los ua lawv qhov chaw ntawm phab ntsa ntawm Tretyakov Gallery, yog Isaac Brodsky, pab pawg Kukryniksy, Tatyana Yablonskaya, Evgeny Vuchetich thiab ntau lwm tus.

Cov ceg ntoo ntawm Tretyakov Gallery

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Lub tsev tseem ceeb ntawm cov duab yog nyob ntawm: Lavrushinsky txoj kab, 10 … Nws nthuav tawm cov khoom lag luam tas mus li ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej thiab qee lub sijhawm paub cov neeg tuaj saib nrog kev nthuav tawm ib ntus. Tsis ntev los no, Corps of Engineers tau ntxiv rau hauv lub tsev loj, qhov uas sau cov tsev khaws puav pheej hauv cheeb tsam tau nthuav qhia rau cov neeg nyob hauv thiab cov qhua ntawm lub peev. Ib qho ntxiv, Tretyakov Gallery muaj ntau ceg:

- Tshiab Tretyakov Gallery ntawm Krymsky Val tau tsim nyob ze qhov chaw yug ntawm P. Tretyakov, uas yog tus tsim lub tsev cia puav pheej. Cov ceg nthuav qhia ua haujlwm hauv cov qauv niaj hnub no, sau hauv XX-XI ib puas xyoo.

-V tsev teev ntuj-tsev cia puav pheej ntawm St. Nicholas hauv Tolmachi khoom ntawm pawg ntseeg kos duab tau nthuav tawm.

- Lub tsev tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov neo-Lavxias style Tsev-Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Viktor Vasnetsov, qhov uas nws tau npaj los qhib lub chaw rau kev tsim kom muaj tswv yim zoo nkauj.

- Cov duab thiab duab tau nthuav tawm hauv Memorial Museum-Apartment A. M Vasnetsov, qhov uas tus kws sau keeb kwm thiab tus neeg pleev xim nyob thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem.

- Tsev khaws puav pheej-rhiav ntawm AS Golubkina paub cov neeg tuaj saib nrog cov duab puab ua haujlwm ntawm tus tswv thiab sau cov pob zeb.

- Kev muaj tswv yim ntawm tus kws kos duab Soviet P. Kokorina, leej twg bequeathed sau nws cov haujlwm rau Tretyakov Gallery, tau nthuav tawm hauv lub tsev-tsev khaws puav pheej npe tom qab nws. Hauv cov ceg ntoo no, koj tuaj yeem pom cov rooj tog qub thiab cov duab pleev xim ua haujlwm los ntawm Kokorin.

Ntawm qhov kev pabcuam ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib hauv Tretyakov Gallery - cov lus qhia hauv txhua hom lus loj. Ib phau ntawv qhia dawb tuaj yeem rub tawm los ntawm lub vev xaib gallery.

Ntawm daim ntawv

  • Qhov chaw: Moscow, Lavrushinsky per., 10, xov tooj: (495) 951-1362, (499) 230-7788, (499) 238-1378.
  • Cov chaw nres tsheb loj tshaj plaws yog Novokuznetskaya thiab Tretyakovskaya.
  • Lub vev xaib raug cai: tretyakovgallery.ru
  • Cov sijhawm qhib: Tue-Wed, Sun 10.00-18.00, Thu-Sat 10.00-21.00, daim pib chaw ua haujlwm kaw ib teev ua ntej.
  • Daim pib: 150-450 rubles, rau cov menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo, nkag tau dawb.

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