Bastion ntawm Emperor Paul piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - St. Petersburg: Pavlovsk

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Bastion ntawm Emperor Paul piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - St. Petersburg: Pavlovsk
Bastion ntawm Emperor Paul piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - St. Petersburg: Pavlovsk

Video: Bastion ntawm Emperor Paul piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - St. Petersburg: Pavlovsk

Video: Bastion ntawm Emperor Paul piav qhia thiab duab - Russia - St. Petersburg: Pavlovsk
Video: #di_vito Bastion of Emperor Paul 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Emperor Paul's Bastion
Emperor Paul's Bastion

Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam

Nyob hauv lub nroog Pavlovsk, uas nyob rau 25 kilometers ntawm St. Petersburg, muaj ib puag ncig ntawm Emperor Paul, lub npe menyuam yaus lub tsev fuabtais "Bip" - Paul cov khoom ua si loj.

Nyob rau xyoo pua 18th, cov av no tau txeeb los ntawm Sweden, thiab tom qab yeej hauv Tsov Rog Qaum Teb, lawv tau rov qab los rau ntawm Lavxias teb sab. Catherine II nthuav tawm ntawm no rau nws tus tub Pavel thiab nws tus poj niam Maria thaj av me me, uas, ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, lub tebchaws lub tsev fuabtais ntawm tus txais lub zwm txwv, Marienthal, tau tsim.

Tom qab nkag mus rau lub zwm txwv, Povlauj txiav txim siab ua kom nws txoj kev npau suav qub dhau los thiab ua ib lub chaw tiv thaiv tub rog tawm ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob. Tus huab tais lub bastion tau tsim hauv tsuas yog 3 xyoos. Lub citadel ntsia zoo li tus tub rog lub tsev fuabtais. Lub tsev zoo nkauj 2-storey lub tsev uas muaj ob lub yees, lub tshav puam tsuas tuaj yeem nkag tau ntawm cov kab thaiv kab. Lub nroog me me tau nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov kwj dej thiab cov ramparts, thiab cov phom tau teeb tsa ntawm lub bastions.

Muaj cov tub rog tub rog thiab pab tub rog loj nyob hauv cov chaw ruaj khov. Thaum tus huab tais tau txais kev ua yeeb yam ntawm no, tawm mus taug kev lossis muab khoom noj hmo ua ke, 28 rab phom tau hais nrog ib tus hais lus ib leeg. Cov neeg hauv nroog tsis tuaj yeem siv niaj hnub tua ntev ntev, thiab lub tsev fuabtais tau lub npe menyuam yaus Pavel cov khoom ua si loj - BIP. Ib zaug, hauv kev hwm ntawm kev yeej ntawm Suvorov cov tub rog hauv kev sib tw Italis, rab phom loj ntawm lub tsev fuabtais tau tua 101 lub dav hlau.

Lub fortress ua rau muaj kev xav zoo, tab sis txhua yam ntawm no yog ntau ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj. Lub plawv ntawm lub nroog yog lub pej thuam loj heev nrog lub conical dome. Nws tau txuas nrog los ntawm txoj kev tshwj xeeb mus rau lwm tus pej thuam, zoo li yog txhuam nrog cov hniav. Muaj lub moos loj nyob ntawm tus pej thuam plaub fab, lub suab uas tuaj yeem hnov ob peb mais deb. Qhov txaus siab, "Bip" tsis yog kev tiv thaiv tub rog nkaus xwb hauv Pavlovsk thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. Muaj cov tub ceev xwm nyob hauv nroog.

Lub neej ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog tau tswj hwm los ntawm kev ua tub rog tsis raws cai. Piv txwv li, ib tus ntawm lawv tau hais tias thaum Povlauj nyob hauv nroog, qw nrov nrov, hais lus ntxhi thiab tsis tham lus raug txwv.

Lub neej nyob rau hauv lub fortress kuj zoo li lub tsev pheeb suab ntaub. Ntawm qhov chaw ua yeeb yam pem hauv ntej ntawm lub qhov rais ntawm tus tswj hwm, cov tub rog tau taug kev txhua hnub. Rau ib qho txawm tias qhov kev saib xyuas tsis tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, lawv raug rau txim hnyav ntawm no. Muaj xwm txheej thaum cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm no raug tua tuag.

Xyoo 1798, Pavlovsk lub nroog tau suav nrog hauv cov tub rog sau npe ntawm Lavxias fortresses. Tom qab Emperor Paul tuag, nws tus poj ntsuam, Empress Maria Feodorovna, feem ntau taug kev ib leeg nyob ib leeg ntawm ntug dej, tsis deb ntawm Bip. Cov laus-nco tau nco tias qee zaum Maria Fedorovna tau ntsib tus menyuam lag ntseg-hais tsis tau lus me me hauv cov chaw no. Nws tau tsiv mus rau qhov tob ntawm nws tus plig thiab, rov qab mus rau lub peev, tau tshaj tawm tsab cai lij choj ntawm kev tsim lub tsev kawm tshwj xeeb rau cov lag ntseg thiab ruam hauv Paul's bastion.

Nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv muaj lub tsev kawm ntawv thaj tsam, lub tsev kho mob, lub tsev rau khoom, chaw tu menyuam ntsuag, thiab kev sau npe tub rog thiab chaw ua haujlwm rau npe nkag. Tam sim ntawd tom qab Kev Tawm Tsam Lub Kaum Hli, Soviet ntawm Cov Neeg Sawv Cev tau nyob hauv lub fortress, thiab xyoo 1919 lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm ntawm General Yudenich cov tub rog nyob. Xyoo 1944, Povlauj lub tsev nyob tau raug hluav taws kub tag. Tam sim no, kev ua haujlwm kho kom rov zoo tseem tab tom nyob hauv lub qub nroog thiab cov kws sau keeb kwm tau sim rov qab los txawm tias cov ntsiab lus me tshaj plaws uas hais txog lub sijhawm ntawd.

Lub fortress "Bip" tau tsim los ntawm tus kws kho vajtse V. Brenn hauv 1795-1797. ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Marienthal, qhov uas muaj ib zaug ntawm kab ntawm kev tiv thaiv, ua los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Swedish dav dav Kraniort hauv 1702.

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