Cov lus piav qhia thiab duab Darvinsky - Russia - North -West: Vologda cheeb tsam

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov lus piav qhia thiab duab Darvinsky - Russia - North -West: Vologda cheeb tsam
Cov lus piav qhia thiab duab Darvinsky - Russia - North -West: Vologda cheeb tsam

Video: Cov lus piav qhia thiab duab Darvinsky - Russia - North -West: Vologda cheeb tsam

Video: Cov lus piav qhia thiab duab Darvinsky - Russia - North -West: Vologda cheeb tsam
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Darwin xwm txheej
Darwin xwm txheej

Nqe lus piav txog kev nyiam

Lub Xeev Darwin Nature Reserve yog thaj chaw tseem ceeb thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig hauv Lavxias. Nws qhov kev tsim tau tsim los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Tib Neeg Cov Cai thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1945. Tam sim no, thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw yog 112, 673 hectares, thiab thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw tiv thaiv yog 27, 028 hectares. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 2002, Darwin Nature Reserve tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm UNESCO Biosphere International Reserve. Nws nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm nto moo Rybinsk reservoir, uas yog nyob ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm thaj tsam Yaroslavl, Tver thiab Vologda. Darwin Reserve nyob ntawm qhov kawg ntawm ceg av qab teb, uas tawm mus tob los ntawm sab qaum teb sab hnub poob mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj mus rau thaj tsam ntawm Rybinsk Lub Chaw Tso Dej. Cov ceg av qab teb tsis yog dej nyab ib feem ntawm qhov loj Molo-Sheksninskaya, qhov loj tshaj plaws uas tau muab zais hauv qab cov dej ntawm lub pas dej.

Kev tsim ntawm Darwin Reserve tau ua tiav txhawm rau txhawm rau khaws cia qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm Molo-Sheksna cuam tshuam, nrog rau kev kawm txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Rybinsk Reservoir ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov ntuj tsim. Cov quav hauv ntiaj teb, cov paj ntoo thiab tsiaj txhu, cov dej uas nyob hauv cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw cia tseg - txhua yam ntawm no yog ib txwm thim rov qab los ntawm kev siv nyiaj txiag thiab muab rau kev siv tag nrho los ntawm kev khaws tseg ntawm txoj cai uas tau muab los ntawm tsoomfwv txoj cai lij choj.

Cov chaw khaws cia muaj plaub lub chaw haujlwm tseem ceeb: Lub chaw saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb suav nrog ntau lub hav zoov - Gorlovsky, Tsentralny, Morotsky thiab Zakharinsky; Lub chaw tshawb fawb; Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Ib puag ncig, tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1999, thiab Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Txhawb Nqa, uas yog lub luag haujlwm loj rau kev ua lag luam. Qhov tshwj tseg suav nrog Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Xwm nrog nthuav tawm thiab dioramas txog qhov tshwj tseg nws tus kheej; kuj tseem muaj kev sau dendrological, txoj hauv kev ib puag ncig thiab chav kawm kev nyab xeeb.

Qhov kev nplij siab ntawm Darwin Reserve yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Qhov chaw ib puag ncig yog tiaj tiaj tiaj tiaj tiaj me me manes - toj. Feem ntau ntawm thaj chaw tau muab rau massifs ntawm qhov tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam, vim tias kev hloov pauv hauv bogs txawm tias sab nraum qhov tshwj tseg tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tag nrho lub xeev ntawm thaj chaw tshwj xeeb.

Tus nqi ntawm Darwin Natural Complex raws li kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov peev txheej khaws cov ntses yog siab heev. Cov neeg coob coob uas tsis tau pom dua los ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv yog qhov chaw pub zaub mov tseem ceeb thiab thaj chaw rau cov ntses lag luam lag luam ntawm Rybinsk Reservoir. Txhawm rau khaws cia thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov ntses nyob hauv lub pas dej, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los muab txoj cai tshwj xeeb rau kev tiv thaiv tag nrho cheeb tsam ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm qhov tshwj tseg.

Dej ntiav ntawm Darwin Nature Reserve sov sov zoo heev, uas ua rau lub neej muaj ntau yam nroj tsuag uas muaj dej noo: sedge, cattail, maj, teb nyom, hedgehog, chastuha, hornwort thiab ntau lwm tus neeg sawv cev. Vim qhov tseeb tias feem ntau ntawm thaj av hauv thaj chaw tiv thaiv tau npog nrog hav zoov, cov av tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nplua nuj blueberries, cloudberries thiab cranberries.

Qhov tshwj tseg yog lub tsev rau ntau yam tsis tau pom dua los ntawm cov noog thiab tsiaj tus yam ntxwv ntawm thaj av Vologda. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom ermine, marten, squirrel, hma, otters, badgers, elks, hma, thiab hares. Muaj tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntau yam dais ntawm thaj chaw ntawm qhov tshwj tseg. Tsis ntev los no, tus naj npawb ntawm cov npua teb tau nce, uas tau ua tiav kev sib haum xeeb thiab sib tw hauv thaj chaw tiv thaiv. Hauv cov hav zoov muaj ntau ntau plua plav noog, thaj av dub, thaj av ntoo, pom dav dav, kite dub, sparrowhawk thiab hom noog.

Biologist ntawm Darwin Reserve Vyacheslav Vasilyevich Nemtsev tsim lub ntiaj teb thawj cov ntoo ua liaj ua teb. Rau 50 xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm, peb tau tswj kom sau ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm npauj npaim, uas muaj yuav luag txhua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg kab no pom nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Russia.

Peat Islands tuaj kuj yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj chaw tiv thaiv; ntau cov av peat tau raug dej nyab nrog qhov pom ntawm lub pas dej, tab sis cov txheej txheej loj ntawm peat tau ntab thiab ya raws cov nthwv dej - tam sim no tsis tsuas yog nyom loj hlob rau lawv, tab sis kuj tseem ntoo.

Duab

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